IGLC.net EXPORT DATE: 29 March 2024 @CONFERENCE{Formoso2021, author={Formoso, Carlos and Tommelein, Iris D. and Saurin, Tarcisio Abreu and Koskela, Lauri and Fireman, Marcus and Barth, Karina and Bataglin, Fernanda and Viana, Daniela and Coelho, Rafael and Singh, Vishesh and Zani, Carolina and Ransolin, Natália and Disconzi, Claudia }, editor={ }, title={Slack in Construction - Part 1: Core Concepts}, journal={Proc. 29th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 29th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2021}, pages={187-196}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1883}, doi={10.24928/2021/0183}, affiliation={Professor, Building Innovation Research Unit (NORIE), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, formoso@ufrgs.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-4772-3746 ; Professor, Civil and Envir. Engrg. Dept., Director, Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL), University of California, Berkeley, CA, tommelein@berkeley.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-9941-659 ; Associate Professor, Industrial Engineering and Transportation Department, UFRGS, Brazil, saurin@ufrgs.br, orcid.org/0000-0003-2929-5888 ; Professor of Construction and Project Management, School of Art, Design and Architecture. University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, UK, l.koskela@hud.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000-0003-4449- 2281 ; PhD Student, Postgraduate Program in Civil Eng.: Construction and Infrastructure, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90035-190, Brazil, marcus@climbgroup.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-4715 ; PhD Student, Postgraduate Program in Civil Eng.: Construction and Infrastructure, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90035-190, Brazil, marcus@climbgroup.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-4715 ; PhD Student, Postgraduate Program in Civil Eng.: Construction and Infrastructure, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90035-190, Brazil, marcus@climbgroup.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-4715 ; Adjunct Professor, Interdisciplinary Department, NORIE, UFRGS, dietz.viana@ufrgs.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-8958-4708 ; Graduate Student, Civil and Envir. Eng. Dept., University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, rvcoelho@berkeley.edu, orcid.org/0000-0003-3298-3622 ; Graduate Student, Civil and Envir. Eng. Dept., University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, visheshvs@berkeley.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-6999-9727 ; MSc Student, Postgraduate Program in Production Eng. UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil, zani.carol@gmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-2649-2432 ; PhD Candidate, Postgraduate Program in Civil Eng.: Construction and Infrastructure, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil, natalia.ransolin@ufrgs.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-7128-8000 ; PhD Candidate, Postgraduate Program in Industrial Eng:, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90035-190, Brazil, claudiaguerraep@gmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-5167 }, abstract={Construction projects are known to be complex, due to being subject to uncertainty and variability. The use of buffers to protect them from the detrimental impact of variability has been well-researched. A key managerial choice is not whether or not to buffer variability, but rather how to define the necessary combination of buffers. Slack is a concept related to buffers but has been used in the literature to describe a broader range of strategies for coping with complexity. It allows an organisation to adapt to internal pressures for adjustment or to external pressures for change in policy. This paper aims to further develop the concept of slack and to unveil its relationships with other concepts and ideas that are partly overlapping such as buffers, resilience, robustness, flexibility, and redundancy. A concept map was devised in order to articulate the nature of the slack concept. This paper explores in detail this concept map and proposes a conceptual role for slack in the realm of Lean. }, author_keywords={Slack, buffer, complexity, variability, uncertainty, concept map, waste }, address={Lima, Peru }, issn={ }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, }