@CONFERENCE{Mohsen2022, author={Mohsen, Osama and Naumets, Serhii and Hamzeh, Farook }, editor={ }, title={Lean Thinking to Improve Curriculum Delivery in Civil Engineering Using Monte Carlo Simulation}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1-12}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1940}, doi={10.24928/2022/0101}, affiliation={Assistant Professor, Architectural Engineering Dept., College of Design and Built Environment, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia, osama.mohsen@kfupm.edu.sa, orcid.org/0000-0002-3992-9357 ; PhD Candidate, Civil and Environmental Engrg. Dept., Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, naumets@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0001-8653-0667 ; Associate Professor, Civil and Environmental Engrg. Dept., Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, hamzeh@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-9534 }, abstract={Lean education can refer to teaching Lean principles or applying Lean thinking to improve educational content delivery. Applying Lean in education can enhance supportive services such as admissions and program selections. In this paper, we developed a simulation study to examine course offerings in the third and fourth years of civil engineering at the University of Alberta, given an anticipated number of students registered in different subdisciplines. This study uses Monte Carlo simulation to model student enrolment in the curriculum aiming to reduce curriculum planning time and incorporate the end users’ (i.e., the students) preferences into the course offerings by evaluating various what-if scenarios. The study investigates the effect of course selection flexibility on curriculum delivery and estimates the seating capacity to accommodate all enrolled students. In one scenario, all variables were simulated using random numbers and predefined statistical distributions. In a second scenario, we introduced restrictions where one subdiscipline offers limited courses, and graduate course offerings are restricted. In a third scenario, an additional restriction was added by raising the GPA eligibility threshold for graduate courses. The results show that simulation is an effective tool to test and incorporate Lean ideas into curriculum planning and management. }, author_keywords={Continuous Improvement, Curriculum Development, Engineering Education, Learning, Simulation. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Fish2022, author={Fish, Mohamed Abou El and Salhab, Diana and Urizar, Mark and Shoeb, Mohammed and Neeraganti, Thirupal and Majed, Ali }, editor={ }, title={Takt Planning Effectiveness Into One Billion Dollars Projects}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={13-24}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1941}, doi={10.24928/2022/0102}, affiliation={ Lean Construction Manager, KEO International, Doha, Qatar, mohamed.elfish@keoic.com ; 2 Ph.D. student, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, salhab@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-6193 ; Co-owner, AAAX architecture, Brunswick East, Victoria, Australia, aaaxaus@gmail.com ; Lean Lead, TriConstruct, Doha, Qatar, shoeb.m@triconstruct.com ; Lean Lead, Darwish Engineering, Doha, Qatar, thirupalappa.neeraganti@boomconstruction.net ; Lean Lead, TriConstruct, Doha, Qatar, ali.m@triconstruct.com }, abstract={Takt Planning (TP) is a prominent Lean tool that is gaining wide applicability on construction projects; it helps assess project progress status from the beginning of a project until the end. TP techniques pinpoint the weaknesses in a project’s scope of work and assist in identifying appropriate ways to integrate resources into any given project. The approach has been thoroughly studied in building projects but not on infrastructure ones, and little empirical results have been reported. Hence, this paper presents results from a case study of applying TP in mega infrastructure projects in Qatar. The paper showcases issues faced by teams during the execution of work, their TP approach to remedy the situation, their approach for integrating TP into the existing system, and the corresponding outcomes. Results show that adoption of TP helped the construction team to properly control, organize, and place resources into projects to achieve desired goals. This study is an accurate example of how TP technique can resolve project problems and provide a clear ‘X-ray’ to scan large projects. }, author_keywords={Takt Planning, Infrastructure Projects, Lean tools }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Stevens2022, author={Stevens, Matt }, editor={ }, title={Nine Innovation Barriers in Australian Construction Contracting }, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={25-35}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1942}, doi={10.24928/2022/0103}, affiliation={Lecturer, School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney Univeristy, Penrith, NSW AU, matt.stevens@westernsydney.edu.au, orcid.org/0000-0003-2301-1311 }, abstract={The Australian construction industry ranks below average in intellectual property and software creation value compared to other sectors. The innovation performance of the built environment contractors is well chronicled. Importantly, these organisations have the most time and cost risk of all stakeholders. Therefore, improvements should have significant benefits to them and their customers. However, their innovation efforts face significant economic, regulatory and market barriers that are stubborn. This paper asserts that these sector characteristics slow the creation of novel products, services, and information technology more than most major industries. Overcoming these invention barriers should enable faster innovation and more significant improvement. This paper outlines the nine most significant innovation barriers researched by the author in Australian construction contracting and suggests potential solutions. Addressing the seminal reasons for the lack of invention should decrease the impact of these obstacles leading to a better system and culture of innovation, thereby producing better industry performance. The relationship between construction organisation characteristics and industry innovation is relatively unexplored. }, author_keywords={Construction invention, constructor innovation, breakthroughs, system barriers, novel products }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Maraqa2022, author={Maraqa, Musab Jamal and Sacks, Rafael and Spatari, Sabrina }, editor={ }, title={Role of Lean and VDC in Reducing Physical and Operational Waste and Environmental Impact}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={36-47}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1943}, doi={10.24928/2022/0104}, affiliation={Ph.D. Graduate Student, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, +972 59 8218363, musab_maraqa@hotmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0002- 7756- 2787. ; Professor, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, +972 4 829 3190, cvsacks@technion.ac.il, orcid.org/0000-0001-9427-5053. ; 3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, +972 54 668 4373, ssabrina@technion.ac.il, orcid.org/0000-0001-7243- 9993. }, abstract={Lean construction focuses on eliminating process and operational wastes. The reduction of waste improves environmental performance by reducing GHG emissions. This research quantified the impacts of lean construction and VDC in reducing physical and operational wastes related to partition walls. The researchers observed worker activities at construction sites and compared them with observations from past projects. The activities were classified into value-adding and non-value-adding activities. The researchers observed the construction of different block types (gypsum, autoclaved aerated concrete, and concrete blocks) to estimate the operational wastes related to the construction method. The results showed that lean and VDC improved the value-adding activities using gypsum block to 68.4% compared to 25.8% in a traditionally managed project using concrete block, an improvement of 167%. Moreover, the embodied GHG emissions in the lean-VDC project per partition area are 12 kg CO2e m-2 compared to 58.4 kg CO2e m-2 in the traditionally managed project. The reduction in GHG emissions is due to reducing waste in the lean-VDC project and using more sustainable materials. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, sustainability, waste, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Lappalainen2022, author={Lappalainen, Eelon and Uusitalo, Petri and Abou-Ibrahim, Hisham and Seppänen, Olli and Hänninen, Aku and Söderström., Kristian }, editor={ }, title={Effects of Daily Management on Design Reliability}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={48-59}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1944}, doi={10.24928/2022/0105}, affiliation={Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, eelon.lappalainen@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-7573-344X ; Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, petri.uusitalo@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-906X ; Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, hisham.abouibrahim@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0003-4261-9322 ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 ; Master of Science, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, aku.hanninen@ideastructura.com ; Master of Science Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, Kristian.soderstrom@aalto.fi }, abstract={Building Design Management (DM) is challenging due to the fragmentation of project partners, the iterative nature of design and the tradition of informal management of designers. Therefore, many contractors do not trust the promises of designers and protect the construction schedule with schedule buffers that increase project lead times. To act upon this situation, several researchers have suggested using the Last Planner™ System (LPS) as a method for DM. Using two case studies, we present how the use of the LPS method as a tool for Daily Management (DAM) increases the reliability of the design and how, correspondingly, not using it can affect design reliability. So far, very little attention has been paid to the role of DAM in DM, and this short article seeks to provide new insights into this research gap for both researchers in the field and DM professionals. These early and exploratory results, despite the limited number of cases, can be utilised in further research as well as in practical project management, especially when the reduction of schedule buffers between construction and design is targeted }, author_keywords={Lean construction, lean design management, last planner, PPC }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Lappalainen2022, author={Lappalainen, Eelon and Ibrahim, Hisham Abou and Seppänen, Olli and Palsola, Ilari }, editor={ }, title={Findings on the Use of the Last Planner System—a Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={60-71}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1945}, doi={10.24928/2022/0106}, affiliation={Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, eelon.lappalainen@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-7573-344X ; Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, hisham.abouibrahim@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0003-4261-9322 ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 ; Bachelor of Engineering student, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Finland, t1pail01@students.oamk.f }, abstract={The last planner system™ (LPS) is a production control method used in lean construction projects that has offered good results to construction companies in terms of improving labour productivity, increasing collaboration and the possibility for developing continuous learning. This short study contributes to LPS research on the reliability of promises and how parties perceive their effects on schedule and productivity. The study was conducted using a case study on an industrial construction project in which LPS had been in use since its start. Research data were collected using a semi-structured survey conducted online due to the pandemic. The study also utilized project progress data and measurement data from the LPS sessions. The most interesting result of the study was how little the LPS participants felt they had to compromise their goals. We also found how scheduling methods used in parallel with LPS can frustrate users and contribute to reducing its usefulness. Our findings can be used in further research in several ways, either by utilising the questionnaire we developed or by comparing our findings to other studies. We believe that practitioners using LPS will benefit from our results and can use them to address these shortcomings identified in future projects. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, last planner, reliable promises }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Russmann2022, author={Russmann, Eduard and Budau, Maximilian R.-D. and Hickethier, Gernot and Haghsheno, Shervin }, editor={ }, title={Development of an Educational Game to Teach Integrated Project Delivery Principles}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={72-83}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1946}, doi={10.24928/2022/0109}, affiliation={Project Manager, Yukon Projects, Karlsruhe, Germany, eduard.russmann@yukon.pm, orcid.org/0000- 0002-5919-3279 ; Research Assistant, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, maximilian.budau@kit.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-1176 ; Project Manager, Yukon Projects, Karlsruhe, Germany, gernot.hickethier@yukon.pm, orcid.org/0000- 0002-0380-3787 ; Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Director, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, shervin.haghsheno@kit.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-0602-6370 }, abstract={Although IPD exists as a project delivery option especially for high complex buildings, the construction industry continues to use traditional approaches and methods for project delivery. The major barriers to the use of IPD are a general fear of change as well as a lack of knowledge and understanding. Educational games can be used to build knowledge and understanding. These games enable competence-oriented, experience-based, and motivated learning. Starting with the basics of game didactics, this paper describes the development of an educational game to teach IPD principles. Existing educational games from the field of Lean Construction are used to convey an understanding of methods used in IPD. IPD cannot be reduced to a single method, the game developed takes a more holistic approach. Therefore, the game is intended to teach principles of IPD through experience-oriented learning and to show the necessary process of change that accompanies this type of project delivery. This is achieved by simulating a construction project that makes IPD principles easier to understand and more tangible. The participants independently gain experience in the field of IPD through active involvement and group reflection. The paper also includes experiences with first applications of the game.se shortcomings identified in future projects. }, author_keywords={lean construction, Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), action learning/research, educational game, live simulation game. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Seppänen2022, author={Seppänen, Olli and Görsch, Christopher }, editor={ }, title={Decreasing Waste in Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing Work}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={84-94}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1947}, doi={10.24928/2022/0111}, affiliation={Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 ; Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, christopher.0.gorsch@aalto.fi, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9632-4031 }, abstract={Eliminating wasted effort is an important part of lean philosophy. Waste has typically been measured with time sampling or time motion studies, where the share of direct work is estimated. However, few studies have taken the next step and investigated the root causes of wasted effort. This paper reports the results of an extensive time and motion study and focuses on qualitative evidence on the root causes of wasted effort. 15 MEP workers and foremen on four projects carried a helmet camera for one calendar week and quantitative time-motion analysis was done based on these videos. All participants were interviewed, and video footage was reviewed together with the participants to evaluate root causes of waste. The root causes of wasted effort were poor communication, issues with production planning and control, uncoordinated design, poorly organized material flow and a high share of preparatory work steps. The best direct work share was achieved in the only project which implemented takt production even though it was also the project with least repetitive work and largest distances due to large floor area. The biggest impact could be achieved with better constructability of design which would also enable just in time logistics and greater share of prefabrication. The results could be used to convince practitioners to adopt lean principles }, author_keywords={Lean construction, waste, workflow, time-motion study }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Picard2022, author={Picard, L. and Blanchet, P. and Bégin-Drolet, A. }, editor={ }, title={Assembly Process in Off-Site Construction: Self-Lock Device as a Key to a Lean Approach}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={95-106}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1948}, doi={10.24928/2022/0112}, affiliation={ Ph.D. Candidate, Laval University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Quebec, Canada, Laurence.picard.3@ulaval.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-7393 ; Professor, Laval University, Wood Sciences and Forests Department, Holder of the NSERC Industrial Chair in Eco-Responsible Wood Construction (CIRCERB), Québec, Canada, pierre.blanchet@sbf.ulaval.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-6348-0289 ; Professor, Laval University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Quebec, Canada, andre.begindrolet@gmc.ulaval.ca, orcid.org/0000-0003-3963 }, abstract={The implementation of lean construction in off-site construction is an ongoing combination aiming to improve the efficiency and reduce all forms of waste in the construction industry. Modular construction offers a high level of off-site value creation, and consequently leaner processes associated to the well-known off-site construction advantages as waste management, shorter project timeline, improved health and safety conditions for workers, better quality control, optimal material handling, and efficient working stations. Nonetheless, the on-site activities needed to connect the modules are often identified as critical sources of waste. In response, many connecting devices and models for calculations were developed in recent years, but very few present an automated locking mechanism for modular connection. While most connecting devices include the use of fasteners that need to be manually fixed to complete the connection of modules, an automated connecting device could significantly reduce the quantity of onsite activities by including an engineered mechanism that ensures self-lock. This research aims to evaluate the impact on leanness of an automated connecting device as well as to present a new plug-in self-lock device. }, author_keywords={Off-site construction, Modular assembly, Connecting Device, Automated locking mechanism, Waste management }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Tillmann2022, author={Tillmann, Patricia A. and Eckblad, Stuart and Whitney, Fred and Koefoed, Niall }, editor={ }, title={Rethinking Project Delivery to Focus on Value and Innovation in the Public Sector}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={107-117}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1949}, doi={10.24928/2022/0113}, affiliation={Senior Manager for Lean Project Development, The Boldt Company, San Francisco, USA. Patricia.tillmann@boldt.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3420-3132 ; Vice President, Health Major Capital Projects, UCSF Real Estate, San Francisco, USA. Stuart.Eckblad@ucsf.edu ; Director Project Delivery, UCSF Real Estate, San Francisco, USA. Fred.Whitney@ucsf.edu ; Senior Project Manager, Cambridge CM, San Francisco, USA. N.Koefoed@ccm.to }, abstract={With the intent to move towards value generation, public organizations have been increasingly searching for alternative procurement and project delivery routes. Countries like the U.S., Finland, U.K., Norway, and Australia are pioneers in adopting alternative means to project delivery in the public sector. Past studies have documented the benefits of more collaborative arrangements in that sector. However, their impact on project performance and their ability to generate value still lack evidence and documentation. In addition, little is known about project management practices that helped organizations focus on value and achieve better project performance within this context. Thus, this paper aims to provide evidence about the impact of alternative delivery methods on generating better project outcomes in the public sector, highlighting fundamental mechanisms and lean management practices that have contributed to these results. This research follows a multi-case study approach, reporting the journey taken by The University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Health to rethink its project delivery methods in the public sector. A close collaboration between the University of California Berkeley (UC Berkeley) and UCSF allowed data to be collected throughout the years. This paper results from a reflection of collected data and new insights gained through focused group discussions. }, author_keywords={Lean in the Public Sector, Value generation, Integrated Project Delivery }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Rankohi2022, author={Rankohi, Sara and Bourgault, Mario and Iordanova, Ivanka and Carbone, & Carlo }, editor={ }, title={Towards Integrated Implementation of IPD and DFMA for Construction Projects: A Review}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={118-129}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1950}, doi={10.24928/2022/0114}, affiliation={1 PhD Student, Department of Mathematics and Industrial Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, sara.rankohi@polymtl.ca, ; Professor, Department of Mathematics and Industrial Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, mario.bourgault@polymtl.ca, ; 3 Professor, Department of Construction Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, QC, Canada, Ivanka.Iordanova@etsmtl.ca ; Professor, École de design, Université du Québec à Montréal, QC, Canada, carbone.carlo@uqam.ca }, abstract={Integrated project delivery (IPD) and Design-for-Manufacturing-and-Assembly (DfMA) are emerging topics in the construction literature, which have attracted considerable attention in recent years. DfMA is known as a philosophy and a method whereby products’ designs are optimized for downstream manufacturing and assembly. Similarly, IPD, is known as a philosophy and a method which enhance integration throughout the project life-cycle. Although literature identified the ability of both DfMA and IPD principles to enhance project performance metrics, little research has investigated their potential synergies. Keeping in view the opportunities accruable from this combination, this paper conducted a systematic literature review of papers that discuss minimum one of these two methods, and identified common principles or practices shared among IPD and DfMA. Finally, a framework is developed based on synergies between IPD, and DfMA in construction projects. }, author_keywords={Integrated Project Delivery, DfMA, IPD, Design-for-Manufacturing-and-Assembly, Architecture and Construction, Lean, Literature Review. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Görsch2022, author={Görsch, Christopher and Jianyu, Zhao and Seppänen, Olli }, editor={ }, title={Value-Adding Index - Share of Direct Work Included in Uninterrupted Presence Time}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={130-141}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1951}, doi={10.24928/2022/0115}, affiliation={Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, christopher.0.gorsch@aalto.fi, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9632-4031 ; Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, jianyu.zhao@aalto.fi, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8519-6177 ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 }, abstract={Continuous improvement depends on appropriate productivity measures. Productivity can be measured through time-motion studies but relies heavily on manual efforts and therefore contributes insufficiently to real-time awareness in dynamic environments such as construction. Indoor positioning shows potential determining shares of construction workers VA (Value-adding), based on Bluetooth Low Energy technology in real-time. Different studies show positive correlations between VA and productivity. However, it is unknown from location data how much workers engage in VA work while being present. Applying both methods simultaneously to one worker, this paper shows how to numerically quantify direct work (DW) and VA. Such combined data can show how much VA and DW occur when uninterrupted presence is detected while applying thresholds, indicating minimum durations spent inside work locations. Utilizing a small data sample enabled proof-of-concept testing and resulted in numerical quantifications of DW and VA. Preliminary findings show larger proportions of DW and VA when uninterrupted presence time is higher. Future research needs to enlarge the included data. If findings hold true, uninterrupted presence with higher thresholds could predict more accurate workers´ VA levels in real-time. The study also contributes to knowledge positively impacting construction by bridging workers’ behaviors on-site with monitoring technologies detecting movement }, author_keywords={Time-motion study, indoor-positioning, continuous improvement/kaizen, flow, lean construction }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Görsch2022, author={Görsch, Christopher and Al Barazi, Alaa and Seppänen, Olli and Abou Ibrahim, Hisham }, editor={ }, title={Uncovering and Visualizing Work Process Interruptions Through Quantitative Workflow Analysis }, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={142-152}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1952}, doi={10.24928/2022/0116}, affiliation={Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, christopher.0.gorsch@aalto.fi, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9632-4031 ; Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, alaa.albarazi@aalto.fi, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7241-9597 ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 ; 4 Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, hisham.abouibrahim@aalto.fi, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4261-9322 }, abstract={Continuous improvement requires visualizing process constraints which interrupt workflows. Production control from a management perspective often operates at lower levels of information granularity than required at operational levels to perform work without interruptions. If not controlled in detail, causes and effects of workflow interruptions remain unclear in environments of high complexity and non-standardized work. Workflow efficiency has been studied through work sampling or time-motion studies, estimating shares of direct work. However, few studies exist that show how to create digital representations of workflows and analyse them for interruptions, contributing to smoother workflows. The paper examines workflows of plumbing work from video footage. This video data is classified and analysed for frequency, causes, and effects of work interruptions. Results indicate that value-supporting activities caused the largest proportion of interruptions. Moreover, the proportion of non-value-adding activities increases when durations of interruptions rise. Based on the results, the paper contributes to further understanding of workflow interruptions in plumbing work. Finally, it provides suggestions on how to close gaps of information granularity between management and operational levels, through the development of simulation models and the application of automated data collection, contributing to developing digital twins of construction processes. }, author_keywords={continuous improvement/kaizen, production control, job-sequencing, time-motion study, workflow }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Abdel-Jaber2022, author={Abdel-Jaber, Omar and Itani, Anas and Al-Hussein, Mohamed }, editor={ }, title={Hybrid Lean Decision-Making Framework Integrating Value Stream Mapping and Simulation: A Manufacturing Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={153-163}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1953}, doi={10.24928/2022/0118}, affiliation={ MSc. Student, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, abdeljab@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0001-8856-3374 ; PhD. Student, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, aitani@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0001-5516-8829 ; Professor, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, malhussein@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-9718 }, abstract={Lean value stream mapping has been applied extensively in manufacturing settings to benefit the industrial sector by boosting productivity, improving product quality, and decreasing capital costs, in turn leading to customer satisfaction and manufacturer profitability. Notwithstanding the benefits, lean value stream mapping can be enhanced to dynamically reflect the statistical productivity and economic improvements to enhance the process efficiency of production lines. Findings reported in the literature points to the benefits of integrating simulation-based tools with traditional lean value stream mapping in a hybrid framework to validate the feasibility of a given improvement. The main criteria are to reduce lean waste, increase productivity, and dynamically optimize manufacturing trade-offs for push–pull and just-in-time production systems by enhancing the efficacy of lean value stream mapping using a simulation-based approach. In this context, the proposed framework leverages value stream mapping to visualize the production system's current state. It then integrates the discrete-event simulation model in order to assess the various lean improvement scenarios proposed that to transform the system to its future state. The framework is implemented in a window manufacturing production stream to test and validate its feasibility in a mass customization environment. The case study results demonstrate the value of the framework in assisting decisionsmakers to evaluate different scenarios and visualize their impact for better transform }, author_keywords={Lean value stream mapping, simulation-based, push–pull, just-in-time, mass customization }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Halttula2022, author={Halttula, Heikki P. I. and Seppänen, Olli }, editor={ }, title={Situational Awareness in Construction Projects Using Takt Production}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={164-174}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1954}, doi={10.24928/2022/0119}, affiliation={Managing director, Civil Soft Ltd., Espoo, Finland, Heikki.halttula@gmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0002- 2897-104X ; Associate professor, Operations Management in Construction, Aalto University School of Engineering, Helsinki, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 }, abstract={The construction industry is improving its processes targeting to increase productivity. Lean construction has been in use for decades, and now lean is expanding in the form of takt production. Takt production gives clear steps to apply lean in daily construction projects. Takt production transfers the improving flow from the manufacturing industry’s conveyor belts to construction sites. Digital situational awareness systems are good examples of new digital solutions in construction. They provide possibilities to construction stakeholders to better control and improve their processes by visualizing waste and helping find the root causes of problems to be fixed. This paper aims to study how digital awareness systems support takt production in construction projects. This study is a qualitative case study based on a project implementing a digital situational awareness system and relies on project staff interviews and the data available on the project. The project team has successfully improved takt production with digital awareness systems for revealing and fixing waste. They have successfully improved the productivity of tasks. Digital situational awareness systems can play an important role in the continuous improvement of processes in the construction industry. }, author_keywords={Productivity, lean construction, situational awareness, takt production, waste. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Power2022, author={Power, William and Sinnott, Dr Derek and Lynch, Dr Patrick }, editor={ }, title={Scrum Complementing Last Planner System – a Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={175-186}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1955}, doi={10.24928/2022/0120}, affiliation={Productivity & Performance Manager, DPS Group, 4 Eastgate Avenue, Eastgate Business Park, Little Island, Co. Cork, Ireland T45 YR13 willie.power@dpsgroupglobal.com +353217305000 ORCID-0000- 0001-5791-846X ; Senior Lecturer, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland, derek.sinnott@SETU.ie ORCID-0000-0003-3969-8699 ; Lecturer, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland, patrick.lynch@SETU.ie ORCID0000-0002-5406-38 }, abstract={Scrum emerged from the software sector and has been identified as a novel methodology that is radically different from traditional project management teaching. However, there is a paucity of data from real life case studies that affirm Scrum can benefit construction execution. This paper reports on a 20-week Scrum implementation across seven teams on a construction project that must achieve a critical building weathertight milestone. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach utilising case study design and data collected from a literature review, project documentation review, direct observation, purposeful semi-structured interviews, and a focus group workshop. Scrum complements Last Planner® System (LPS) implementations and bringsspecific benefits at point of work execution by reducing weekly missed tasks resulting in increased and more reliable Planned Percent Complete (PPC). An 11 percent increase in average PPC accrued from utilising Scrum to complement LPS by reducing reasons for noncompletion (RNC) of work tasks at crew level work interfaces. Additional softer benefits in the form of enhanced inter-trade communications and collaboration, as well as greater involvement of the entire crew in striving to achieve task execution. Further in-practice and academic research is required in aligning construction processes and methodologies with the concepts and definitions found in Scrum. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, agile, scrum, last planner system, collaboration. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Pérez2022, author={Pérez, Cristina T. and Salling, Stephanie and Wandahl, Søren }, editor={ }, title={Location-Based Work Sampling}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={187-198}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1956}, doi={10.24928/2022/0121}, affiliation={Postdoc, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark, cristina.toca.perez@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4182-1492 ; Research Assistant, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark, stsa@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7088-6458 ; Professor, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark, swa@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-6035 }, abstract={Previous studies have applied the Work Sampling (WS) technique in different job sites to determine how workers employ their time in relation to a taxonomy of various work activities. However, no other significant contribution has been discussed for including location information of the work activities. This study added a geographic location to each random WS observation for a more comprehensive work efficiency analysis. In this paper, an implementation analysis was presented based on the findings from a case study. The research process followed four steps: (1) clarifying the categories of the activities; (2) deciding the confidence interval; (3) collecting and extracting data; and (4) analyzing the data. For adding location data to the technique, the authors used the geographic coordinates provided by smartwatches used by the research team connected to two Global Navigations Satellite Systems (GNSS), and the coordinates obtained from photos taken for each observation. Each observation made contained the following information: (1) photo; (2) timestamp; (3) trade observed; (4) work category; and (5) geographic coordinates, consequently, workspace category. This paper presents as the main contribution an adaption of the WS technique, named Location-based Work Sampling (LBWS), which can provide a better understanding of the ongoing activities’ behavior. }, author_keywords={Location-based Management (LBM), Visual Management, Waste, Work Sampling, Geographic location observations. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Cisterna2022, author={Cisterna, Diego and Lauble, Svenja and Haghsheno, Shervin and Wolber, Jan }, editor={ }, title={Synergies Between Lean Construction and Artificial Intelligence: AI Driven Continuous Improvement Process}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={199-210}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1957}, doi={10.24928/2022/0122}, affiliation={ Research Fellow. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Technology and Management in Construction, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Phone +49 (0)721 608 45476, diego.cisterna@kit.edu, orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-1141 ; 2 Research Fellow. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Technology and Management in Construction, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Phone +49 (0)721 608 41513, svenja.lauble@kit.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-0376-1791 ; 3 Professor. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Technology and Management in Construction, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Phone +49 (0)721 608 42646, shervin.haghsheno@kit.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-0602-6370 ; Research Fellow. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Technology and Management in Construction, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Phone +49 (0)721 608 41513, jan.wolber@kit.edu, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-7374-1585 }, abstract={Both, Lean Construction (LC) techniques and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods strive for the continuous improvement of production systems in projects and organizations. A combined implementation of both approaches is an ongoing research area. Therefore, the question arises as to whether the added value generated by implementing both approaches jointly is greater than the added value generated by implementing them independently and what is the significance of people in their combined use. This paper explores theoretically the potential of synergies between LC and AI in the AEC sector with exemplary use cases as well as their resulting effects. Humans play a crucial role as interface between a combined use of both of them. As a result, a framework containing LC, AI and people is formed as basis for further combined developments. Therefore, change management, an area in which Lean has spent several years developing, can help both approaches gain traction. With the results, targeted applications can be developed, and practice can be supported. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, artificial intelligence, continuous improvement, integration, cultural change }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Lagos2022, author={Lagos, Camilo I. and Herrera, Rodrigo F. and Muñoz, Javiera and Alarcón, Luis F. }, editor={ }, title={Influence of Last Planner® System Adoption Level on Project Management and Communication}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={211-222}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1958}, doi={10.24928/2022/0124}, affiliation={ Ph.D.(c) Production Management Centre, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, colagos@uc.cl, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0648-0039 ; Ph.D. Professor, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, rodrigo.herrera@pucv.cl, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5186-3154 ; Student, Universidad de Talca Chile, javmunoz14@alumnos.utalca.cl, https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 8725-506X ; Ph.D. Professor, Production Management Centre, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, lalarcon@ing.puc.cl, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9277-2272 }, abstract={Construction projects require complex management of people, resources and goals. The Last Planner® System (LPS) provides a systematic framework based on short cycles of work preparation, commitment, and control to allow implementing corrective actions. Successful LPS implementations require the combination of homogeneous mature practices and efficient horizontal collaboration. Nevertheless, partial implementations prevent liking collaboration through mid-term planning, the make-ready process and short-term work-flow stabilization. Therefore, this study aims to assess the relationship and cross-impacts of LPS adoption levels, team collaboration and project performance through an in-depth comparison of two Chilean case-study projects. LPS adoption was measured through a 50 items survey applied to 10 key actors in each project and collaboration was captured through Social Network Analysis (SNA) applied to general interaction, planning, problem-solving, feedback, learning, and leadership surveys answered by all last planners in each project. Also, each project was monitored for at least 18 weeks to capture their Percent Plan Complete (PPC), Reasons for Noncompliance (RNCs) and Schedule Performance Index (SPI). The results, consistent with previous literature, showed that mature LPS adoption significantly aids collaboration and performance. }, author_keywords={Last Planner® System, collaboration, social network analysis, make-ready planning }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Salling2022, author={Salling, Stephanie and Pérez, Cristina T. and Wandahl, Søren }, editor={ }, title={Breakdown Work Sampling}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={223-234}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1959}, doi={10.24928/2022/0125}, affiliation={Research Assistant, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark, stsa@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7088-6458 ; Postdoc, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark, cristina.toca.perez@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4182-1492 ; Professor, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark, swa@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-6035 }, abstract={The Work Sampling (WS) technique has been used in the construction industry since the 1960s to understand how workers spend their time. However, the WS categories have exhibited variation throughout history due to interpretation and application discrepancies. This lack of consensus on what represents Value-Adding-Work (VAW) and Non-ValueAdding-Work (NVAW), has hindered the use of data from previous WS studies for further analysis. For this reason, this research aims to understand how the data obtained from the WS application can be analyzed to discuss value. To address this question, the authors adopted a case study as the primary research strategy. The phenomenon of the present study comprises the activities involved in the renovation process in residential buildings. The phenomenon is studied through the application of the WS technique. The authors adopted previous analyses from the existing literature and proposed new types of analyses. The discussion section presents various kinds of analysis based on a breakdown of categories into codes: (1) general analysis; (2) a category breakdown analysis; (3) one single component/material analysis; (4) recategorized activities analysis; and (5) correlation analysis. The proposal of a detailed code classification, named breakdown work sampling, represents the main novelty of this study. }, author_keywords={Work sampling, construction site, waste time, direct work }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Araújo2022, author={Araújo, Caroline Silva and Costa, Dayana Bastos and Corrêa, Fabiano Rogerio and Ferreira, Emerson de Andrade Marques }, editor={ }, title={Digital Twins and Lean Construction: Challenges for Future Practical Applications}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={235-246}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1960}, doi={10.24928/2022/0126}, affiliation={PhD Student, Structural and Construction Engineering Department, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BR, araujo.caroline92@gmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-7363-5299 ; Associate Professor, Structural and Construction Engineering Department, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BR, dayanabcosta@ufba.br, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-1457-6401 ; 3 Professor, Civil Construction Engineering Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BR, fabiano.correa@usp.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-9742-3971 ; 4 Professor, Structural and Construction Engineering Department, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BR, ferreira.eam@gmail.com, orcid.org/ 0000-0001-9219-5447 }, abstract={The construction industry has experienced the opportunity to incorporate new technologies to solve problems in terms of information flow, collaboration, quality, costs, productivity, and predictability. Digital Twins (DT) can support solving some of these problems, mainly when associated with lean principles. However, there are still many gaps in the literature regarding the state of practice of DT for construction. This study investigates how current research on the integrated use of BIM-based DT and lean for construction projects has been positioned in front of practical challenges, aiming to identify research directions that support future applications in the construction phase. The research method adopted was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). A total of 14 publications were identified and analyzed from the perspective of challenges for practical applications, considering seven aspects regarding DT application in other industries: cognitive and technical level of people, technology and infrastructure, support tools, standards, and specifications, cost control and management, cyber security and intellectual property rights, and insufficient development of DT. The results suggest that the challenges for DT implementation may become more complex due to the dynamic and unique nature of the construction site and that there is still a large field for further research on DT with lean. Finally, some future research directions are proposed. }, author_keywords={Digital Twins, Lean Construction, Production Planning and Control, Integration, BIM }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Wandahl2022, author={Wandahl, Søren and Pérez, Cristina Toca and Salling, Stephanie and Lerche, Jon }, editor={ }, title={Robustness of Work Sampling for Measuring Time Waste}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={247-258}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1961}, doi={10.24928/2022/0127}, affiliation={Professor, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark, swa@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-6035 ; Postdoc, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark, cristina.toca.perez@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4182-1492 ; Research Assistant, Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark, stsa@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7088-6458 ; Postdoc, Department of Business Development and Technology, Aarhus University, Denmark, jon.lerche@btech.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-9630 }, abstract={Construction can be considered a socio-technical system, which is challenging to model due to the many agents interacting either in a managed way or autonomously. Therefore, cause and effect models are hard to validate, and a traditional correlation approach is insufficient. In this study, the method of robustness testing was applied to test the effect stability when assumptions of a model are changed. The research objective is to apply robustness testing on WS data to assess the robustness and validity of the WS method. An actual refurbishment project was the case for this study, where data was acquired through nine days of continuous WS application. Time-series data were grouped into Direct Work (DW), Indirect Work, and Waste Work. Several different robustness tests were applied. It can be concluded that the WS method is robust, i.e., the effect (DW) is stable even if the assumptions are changed severely. Deleting 90% of the sample does, for instance, almost not change the effect. Likewise, if errors are infused into the sample, the effect is stable. Also, if certain structural parts are excluded from the sample, e.g., observations during morning startup, etc., the effect is still stable. }, author_keywords={Value stream, Waste, Trust, Robustness, Work Sampling }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Pereira2022, author={Pereira, Fernando and Farias, Thiago and Fireman, Marcus and Etges, Bernardo and Lopes, Leonardo }, editor={ }, title={Collaborative Method for Training and Implementing the Line of Balance}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={259-270}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1962}, doi={10.24928/2022/0128}, affiliation={Lean Consultant at Climb Consulting Group, Graduate in Civil Eng. Federal University of São Carlos, UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. Civil Eng. fernando@climbgroup.com.br, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1584-2249 ; Consultant at Climb Consulting Group, Graduate in Civil Eng. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. thiago@climbgroup.com.br, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-7082 ; PhD Student, Postgraduate Program in Civil Eng.: Construction and Infrastructure, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90035-190, Brazil, marcus@climbgroup.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-4715 ; PhD Candidate, M.Sc. Eng., Founding-Partner at Climb Consulting Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, bernardo.m.etges@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3037- 5597 ; Lean Cooordinator, Graduate in Production Eng, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil, leonardocamposlopes@hotmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6485-3908 }, abstract={The Line of Balance (LOB) is a planning technique that has been used for more than 30 years in construction. However, what is rarely discussed is how the LOB should be applied in projects already in progress. Thisresearch was developed in the Design Science Research (DSR) format and sought to analyze how LOB can bring about significant changes in the management of collaboration, planning and production. This paper puts forward a collaborative method of training on LOB in projects that are already in progress for which it draws on a two case studies on multifamily residential building. The benefits of LOB for those involved in the workshop were collected by gathering multiple pieces of evidence and analyzing the correlations. In the participants' perception, there are three main benefits concerning to adopting LOB: (i) understanding the sequencing of activities and how to achieve the uninterrupted flow of teams; (ii) assessing the risk of mobilization and remobilization; (iii) assessing milestone dates and constraints. Moreover, participants´ perception, the training had a excellent evaluation, and it contributed to increasing their collaboration and engagement in relation to the planning of the project. }, author_keywords={Lean Construction, Line of Balance, Collaboration, Visual management, Design Science }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Diaz 2022, author={Diaz , Maria Alejandra }, editor={ }, title={Challenges and Importance of Human Beings Within the Last Planner System in Colombia: A Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={271-282}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1963}, doi={10.24928/2022/0129}, affiliation={ Project manager architect, MACA Construcciones, Ibagué, Colombia, madiaz0495@gmail.com, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-9781-9594 }, abstract={The Last Planner® System (LPS) is a system that optimizes the workflow through the measurement of the reliability of commitments made by workers on a construction site. This system has achieved various benefits in the control of production in construction projects, such as minimizing execution times, reducing variability and uncertainty. However, when applied, obstacles have arisen, which leads to a revision of the methodology and/or partial implementations. In 2021, an update of the system was made in order to expand the scope of the system and respond to doubts and concerns. Therefore, this article seeks to identify the main challenges and give a proposal to solve them from the implementation and use perspective, according to the Colombian context through the identification of the possible causes of these difficulties found during the literature review and interviews to construction professionals. In the investigation, it was found different challenges consisting of 13 main obstacles in terms of the implementation and use perspective (divided by user type), and 8 needs which can be solved with the LPS update and other proposed solutions that holds the organization transformation (human perspective) and a detailed explanation of the whole process (practical perspective). }, author_keywords={Last Planner® System, Culture, People, Implementation, Case study. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Rocha2022, author={Rocha, Cecilia Gravina da and Wijayaratna, Kasun and Koskela, Lauri }, editor={ }, title={Why Is Flow Not Flowing in the Construction Industry?}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={283-294}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1964}, doi={10.24928/2022/0130}, affiliation={ Lecturer, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), City Campus, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia, cecilia.rocha@uts.edu.au, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6764-1724 ; Senior Lecturer, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), City Campus, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia, kasun.wijayaratna@uts.edu.au, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-7256 ; Professor, School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Queen Street Building, Queen St., Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, HD1 3DU, United Kingdom, L.Koskela@hud.ac.uk, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4449-2281 }, abstract={The concept of flow, a core notion of lean, has been proposed and discussed throughout the construction literature for over three decades but is not yet widely applied and disseminated across industry. This paper sets out to perform an exploration of potential underlying root causes of this problem by examining a number of concepts across varied disciplines: (i) metaphysics and ontological assumptions (already discussed in the construction context), (ii) particle/wave duality (from quantum physics), (iii) coemergence (or non-duality) (from Buddhist philosophy), and (iv) cognitive biases and fallacies (based on the work by Tversky and Kahneman). A set of six preliminary and non-exhaustive hypotheses are formulated seeking to provide insights to the problem at hand, namely, “Why is flow not widely understood and applied in construction practice?”. Two experiment designs are proposed to test the last three hypotheses, which are related to the pragmatic aspect of this question, and thus these findings can potentially assist in a more widespread adoption of flow in practice. }, author_keywords={Flow, theory, ontology, construction physics, metaphysics. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Malvik2022, author={Malvik, Tobias O. }, editor={ }, title={Putting the Collaborative Style of a Successful Football Team in a Lean Construction Context}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={295-306}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1965}, doi={10.24928/2022/0131}, affiliation={ PhD Candidate, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, tobias.o.malvik@ntnu.no, https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 7588-1899 }, abstract={The Norwegian football club Rosenborg BK (RBK) was a well-recognized force in European club football during its heyday in the 1990s. Led by the legendary coach Nils Arne Eggen, they regularly shocked Europe’s top teams with great results after implementing a successful philosophy based on collaboration. The importance of collaboration is well-emphasized in Lean Construction (LC) theory, but more discussion about creating a willingness and culture for collaboration seems to be lacking. Therefore, this conceptual paper suggests broadening the existing theory by presenting Nils Arne Eggen’s “Best Foot theory” principles through a new theoretical lens. The collaborative “Best Foot theory” is seen in an LC context and discussed with the “Five Big Ideas” presented by Lean Project Consulting, Inc. as the starting point. The “Best Foot theory” expands current theory by giving successful practical examples to create a culture for the practitioners in a performance group to want to collaborate }, author_keywords={Lean construction, collaboration, culture, trust }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Alves2022, author={Alves, Sharina and Melzner, Jürgen and Hollermann, Sebastian }, editor={ }, title={Lean Simulation Game With BIM-Based Progress Monitoring for Takt Control}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={307-317}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1966}, doi={10.24928/2022/0132}, affiliation={Research Associate, Civil Engineering Department, Jade University of Applied Sciences Oldenburg, Germany, sharina.alves@jade-hs.de, orcid.org/0000-0001-5091-7990 ; Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Bauhaus University Weimar, Germany, juergen.melzner@uni-weimar.de, orcid.org/0000-0002-6435-0283 ; Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Jade University of Applied Sciences Oldenburg, Germany, sebastian.hollermann@jade-hs.de, orcid.org/0000-0002-6592-5245 }, abstract={Lean Construction (LC) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) are two approaches that help to optimize, structure, monitor and control processes better. As a method of LC, Takt Time Planning (TTP) and Takt Control (TC) can lead to an increase in productivity and value creation, as the associated processes are an essential part of the value chain in the construction industry. But while there are already some solutions to link these methods in real life, simulation games in education are currently mostly done analogously and detached from the BIM model. As a result, the benefits of BIM in terms of regularly updated building data are not fully exploited within the simulation game and thus not made clear to the participants. This paper examines how digital support for TC can be integrated within a LC simulation game. For this purpose, an analogue building model is linked to an associated 3D building model through QR codes and enriched with information about the stage of completion during the process of TC. The possibility of linking both models shown here manages to highlight the advantages of the BIM method and inspires the participants to apply this to their projects. }, author_keywords={Serious gaming, Lean Construction, Takt Time Planning (TTP), Building Information Modeling (BIM), phase scheduling. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Matta2022, author={Matta, Michel and Nakouzi, Reem and Kalach, Mayssa }, editor={ }, title={A Framework for Enhancing the Engineering Review Process in Oil and Gas EPC Projects}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={318-329}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1967}, doi={10.24928/2022/0133}, affiliation={ ME Student, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, mgm43@mail.aub.edu ; ME Student, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, rhn10@mail.aub.edu ; Lecturer, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, mk314@aub.edu.lb, orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-3911 }, abstract={The construction industry, which has been for long suffering from schedule and cost overruns, is witnessing a growing focus on lean and digitalization as means to overcome process inefficiencies. However, the application of such concepts and tools in the specialized Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) Oil and Gas industry is still immature and lacks thoroughness. This paper illustrates how digital transformation and lean concepts can complement each other to enhance the engineering review process in a typical Oil and Gas EPC project. Namely, this study illustrates a unified platform that merges the traditional engineering document review stages and brings the stakeholders together for concurrent and collaborative engineering to reduce the nonvalue-added time in the process of engineering drawings review and approval. The platform shall act as a framework for Oil and Gas companies, based on which they can develop a flexible system tailored to their specific needs and requirements. }, author_keywords={Obeya, oil and gas, engineering review, waste, collaboration }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Paulsen2022, author={Paulsen, Sigurd B. and Engebø, Atle and Lædre, Ola }, editor={ }, title={Strategic Partnering Between Contractors and Designers}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={330-341}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1968}, doi={10.24928/2022/0134}, affiliation={MSc Student, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)/Project Engineer, Multiconsult AS, +47 954 88 252, sigurdbpaulsen@gmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-5566-9049 ; Researcher, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, +47 905 71 902, atle.engebo@ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0002-5293-0176 ; Professor, dr. ing., Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, ola.ladre@ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0003-4604-8299 }, abstract={In recent years, the concept of strategic partnering has gained attention in the Norwegian construction industry. As a project delivery method, strategic partnering shares similarities with the Lean project delivery perspective as they both seek to achieve more collaborative projects. The paper has structured strategic partnering into three essential Lean Construction (LC) elements: contract, organization, and collaboration. Consequently, this paper contributes to knowledge about strategic partnering between contractors and designers by answering the two research questions: 1) How is the current practice associated with strategic partnering, and 2) What are the experiences with strategic partnering between contractors and designers. An exploratory case study was conducted to examine how strategic partnering can be improved in future projects. A combination of literature review and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. The findings reveal an improvement potential when implementing strategic partnering in the construction industry. The paper concludes that more attention should be paid to contract elements and the project organization at the company levels to improve strategic partnering. However, at the individual level, good effects have been identified. Findings also showed that external factors like political decisions can lead to postponements and thus changes in personnel in the organization. }, author_keywords={Strategic partnering, collaboration, Lean Construction, relational, case study. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Arefazar2022, author={Arefazar, Yasaman and Rybkowski, Zofia K. }, editor={ }, title={Developing & Testing a Value Stream Map Simulation: Helping the Construction Industry Learn to See}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={342-353}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1969}, doi={10.24928/2022/0135}, affiliation={Graduate Student, Department of Construction Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, o: (979) 422-6385, yasamanarefazar@tamu.edu, orcid.org/ 0000-0003-2827-572X ; Associate Professor, Department of Construction Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, o: (979) 845-43zrybkowski@tamu.edu, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-0683-5004 }, abstract={Resources to interactively teach value stream mapping (VSM) to construction practitioners and students of lean are currently limited. While traditional value stream mapping methods make sense for those with a background in manufacturing or industrial engineering, they are arguably neither intuitive to construct nor easy to understand by those in the building industry. There is a need for a value stream mapping method that implements and communicates in ways that are already familiar to those in construction. The objective of this research is to develop and test a VSM simulation as a preliminary study that makes intuitive sense for those in the construction industry and so can serve as a training method for the identification and removal of waste. A virtual simulation was developed and tested using a design research methodology to facilitate scalability and to enable on-line play. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, value stream mapping, continuous improvement / kaizen, waste, workflow, lean simulation }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Vieira2022, author={Vieira, João P. P. and Etges, Bernardo Martim Beck da Silva and Pellegrino, Renato A. and Lins, Monique A. and Costa, Larissa L. }, editor={ }, title={Kaizen as an Improvement Method for Concrete Walls Construction in Social Housing Project}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={354-365}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1970}, doi={10.24928/2022/0136}, affiliation={M.Sc. Eng., Lean Consultant at Climb Consulting Group, Porto Alegre, Brazil, joao@climbgroup.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0003-0292-2570 ; PhD Candidate, M.Sc. Eng., Founding-Partner at Climb Consulting Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, bernardo@climbgroup.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-5597 ; M.Sc. Eng., Project Coordinator at Climb Consulting Group, Porto Alegre, Brazil, renato@climbgroup.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0003-3610-0137 ; Eng., Lean Civil Engineer at MRV Engenharia, Fortaleza, Brazil, monyque.lins@mrv.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0003-1319-8733 ; Eng., Construction Engineer at MRV Engenharia, Fortaleza, Brazil, larissa.lcosta@mrv.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-6313-9227 }, abstract={Making production processes stable is the basis of the Toyota Production System (TPS) for improving processes and consequently of increasing the value of production activities. Hence, the set of tools based on the TPS that can be used within the kaizen approach emerges as an opportunity to seek to optimize processes and to increase productivity. The research points out the possibilities of improving production processes in social housing projects through the implementation of structured kaizen events. This article describes the implementation of kaizen events developed in a Brazilian company that constructs residential buildings with a focus on standardizing and stabilizing the process for producing the structure of buildings with a concrete wall typology. The methodology used to develop this study is action research. Based on a kaizen methodology structured in four stages: Definition and preparation; Execution; Monitoring and standardization; and support, the main steps that form the process of building concrete walls were analyzed. The main results obtained are flow improvements in the main stages that make up the construction process, a reduction in the workload and a contribution to reducing and adhering to the total lead time in the concrete wall stage, in addition, providing a reference for structuring kaizen events in the construction environment. }, author_keywords={Kaizen, Stabilization, Concrete Wall, Last Planner System }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Silva2022, author={Silva, Matheus Almeida Miranda and Etges, Bernardo Martim Beck da Silva and Pereira, Mariana del Carlo }, editor={ }, title={Using Pull Planning as a Method for the Certificate of Occupancy Process}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={366-375}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1971}, doi={10.24928/2022/0138}, affiliation={Msc. Eng., Lean Civil Engineer at MRV Engenharia, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, matheus.miranda@mrv.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-3064 ; PhD Candidate, M.Sc. Eng., Founding-Partner at Climb Consulting Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, bernardo@climbgroup.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-5597 ; Msc. Eng., Lean Coordinator Engineer at MRV Engenharia, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, mariana.pereira@mrv.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-5066-1390 }, abstract={In Brazil, the procedure for obtaining a Certificate of Occupancy is bureaucratic, timeconsuming and dependent on decisions that should have been taken in the early execution phases or even during design approval phases. Considering that fit for occupancy legalization is an important milestone in the life cycle of a real estate construction project, this research describes how the Pull Planning approach has been used to ensure that construction planning could reach the whole construction life cycle: since the design phase until customer hand over. The Pull Planning workshops were part of a larger project considering Lean Construction implementation in a large construction company in Brazil. Nine Pull Planning Workshops were applied when mapping the life cycle of a real estate construction company. This research will describe how the Lean Philosophy was applied and what benefits the Pull Planning workshops brought to the whole project planning perspective in terms of communication, collaboration and decision-making process clearer. A survey was conducted with the workshop participants to understand which benefits were perceived and which improvements could be implemented in the method. The results are that the Company succeeded in standardizing a new Planning tool that clarifies the whole life cycle of projects. The main benefits that the workshop participants highlighted are: Collaboration and multidisciplinary involvement in the Workshops, Clarity of information, View of the whole project and View of sequence }, author_keywords={Lean construction, Pull Planning, Certificate of Occupancy, Collaboration. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Ahonen2022, author={Ahonen, Toni and Lehtovaara, Joonas and Peltokorpi, Antti and Uusitalo, Petri }, editor={ }, title={Continuous Improvement of Takt Production With Data-Driven Knowledge Management Approach}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={376-387}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1972}, doi={10.24928/2022/0140}, affiliation={Production Engineer, YIT Suomi Oy, Finland, toni.h.ahonen@yit.fi, orcid.org/0000-0001-6957-0704 ; Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, and Visiting Researcher, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL), University of California, Berkeley, CA, joonas.lehtovaara@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000- 0002-4761-3811 ; Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, antti.peltokorpi@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-7939-6612 ; Post-Doctoral Researcher, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, petri.uusitalo@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-906X }, abstract={This study investigates how data-based continuous improvement could be applied in construction projects utilizing takt production. The purpose is to define a process model that will guide how such a continuous improvement system can be created in an organization utilizing takt production methods, and how the system can then be improved. This research follows design science approach to highlight the practicality of the solution. Research consists of diagnosis, process model creation, validation of the process model, discussion, and conclusion. Diagnosis is performed with a literature review and empirical research, including interviews and observations of current practices in a case company. Validation is performed by collecting external feedback and by organizing internal interviews. The findings indicate that the created process model provides a system that can be used to improve the takt production process with data, and that the process can be supported by also handling tacit knowledge. A defined learning system will help in tackling the current barriers facing the construction industry related to inefficient data processing and unclear knowledge management. As the system utilizes the terminology and theory of takt production, it is proposed that the system can be expanded to other projects and construction functions with further research. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, takt planning, continuous improvement, knowledge management. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Peltokorpi2022, author={Peltokorpi, Antti and Seppänen, Olli }, editor={ }, title={Managing Product Information for Lean Construction: Use Cases and a Proposed Process}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={388-398}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1973}, doi={10.24928/2022/0142}, affiliation={Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland. antti.peltokorpi@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-7939-6612 ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland. olli.seppanen@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 }, abstract={This paper explores how the flow and management of product information could enable lean construction operations. Recent research has underlined the need and possibilities to integrate product information with building information modelling (BIM). This research extends that knowledge by investigating more thoroughly (1) what are the use cases in construction project life cycle for product information management (PIM)?, and (2) what kind of solutions and processes would support these use cases in lean and BIM-based building projects? Design science approach was used to identify six common use cases for PIM and to identify sub-solutions. In total 36 representatives from Finnish Architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) companies are used as informants and participants in workshops. Finally, a process for the PIM was proposed based on the use cases and the identified sub-solutions. The process helps construction practitioners in their efforts towards smoother product information flow which finally contributes on better operations flow in building projects. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, Supply Chain management (SCM), Logistics, Product information management, BIM }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Elfving2022, author={Elfving, Jan A. and Seppänen, Olli }, editor={ }, title={Is Construction Industry Still Performing Worse Than Other Industries?}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={399-409}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1974}, doi={10.24928/2022/0143}, affiliation={ Senior Vice President, Skanska Finland, jan.elfving@skanska.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-7909-6759 ; 2 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 }, abstract={It is difficult to find a cross-industry comparison where the construction industry is not one of the worst performing industries. Countless studies demonstrates that the industry is lacking other industries in productivity development and safety. But are we actually comparing apples-to-apples, or, moreover, are there areas where construction industry is performing better than most industries? It is easy to show what does not work but it seems to be harder to show what works. This paper presents some early results of performance measures that large number of leading engineering and construction companies have agreed to measure performance on in the Finnish construction industry. We compare reliability, user experience, sustainability, productivity, and customer satisfaction. Based on this baseline progress in the industry will be followed and also compared to other industries. There are already some interesting points to be lifted, like schedule reliability in Finland seems to be higher than in studies in other countries. Another interesting observation is customer satisfaction and Net Promotor score, where construction industry scores higher than most other industries. Based on the performance measures the paper discusses about industry performance in general. }, author_keywords={benefits realization, continuous improvement, lean construction, waste }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Santos2022, author={Santos, Mírian F. and Silveira, Bruno F. and Costa, Dayana B. }, editor={ }, title={Location-Based Planning to Promote Safe Distancing During Construction Activities}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={410-420}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1975}, doi={10.24928/2022/0144}, affiliation={Civil Engineer, Ph.D. Student, Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, miriancfarias@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4956-8652 ; Civil Engineer, Ph.D. Student, Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, miriancfarias@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4956-8652 ; Associate Professor, Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil, dayanabcosta@ufba.br, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1457-6401 }, abstract={Brazil has been harshly affected by COVID-19. Several decrees applicable at a national and local level have been emitted with general and specific protocols for construction activities aiming at social distancing. Location-Based Planning (LBP) is a valuable technique to size and allocate crews considering space availability; thus, there is an opportunity to test this production planning and control approach to support social distance at construction sites. This work proposes using LBP to verify and measure crews’ conflicts at the construction site to keep social distance as part of the COVID-19 measurement. The research was designed into two phases: (1) characterization of the scenario regarding the implementation of social distancing measures based on surveys, and (2) identification of crews’ conflicts in location-based planning and implementation of actions against Covid-19 based on a case study. The results indicated that the proposed LBP and the Minimum Distance Indicator (MDI) could help identify and reduce total and unsafe crew conflicts. The main contribution of this work is a practical implementation to verify the possibility and effectiveness of using LBP associated with indicators to promote social distancing at construction sites. }, author_keywords={Location-based Plan (LBP), Indicator, Safe Distancing, Workers, Covid-19. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Nguyen2022, author={Nguyen, Danh Toan and Sharmak, Walter }, editor={ }, title={Hybrid Simulation for Value Stream Mapping to Improve the Environmental Performance of the Construction Phase}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={421-432}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1976}, doi={10.24928/2022/0145}, affiliation={Ph.D. Candidate, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Kassel, Hessen, Germany, dtnguyen@student.uni-kassel.de, orcid.org/0000-0003-4147-9583 ; 2 Professor, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, TH Lübeck-University of Applied Sciences, Lübeck, Germany, walter.sharmak@th-luebeck.de, orcid.org/0000-0003-4440-216x }, abstract={The environmental impact assessment of the construction phase is often not fully considered compared to other phases of the project life cycle. Previous studies on environmental impact reduction have often focused on technical aspects rather than organisational aspects. The value stream mapping (VSM) method has been extended to capture and improve environmental performance by systematically adopting lean methods in the manufacturing process. However, in the construction field, this approach encounters difficulties establishing state maps and considering the interrelationships between different processes in an uncertain and dynamic environment. This study proposes a hybrid approach combining Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and System Dynamics (SD) based on process patterns to overcome these obstacles. First, process patterns, including activity packages, are developed to assist the VSM in creating state maps and identifying environmental impact sources. Then, construction operations with their state maps and needed resources are modelled as autonomous agents containing causal-effect loops (SD modules) in a MAS model. These agents interact with each other to describe the construction operating mechanism. Finally, different lean methods are analysed to find opportunities to improve environmental performance. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, value stream, process, environmental assessment, hybrid simulation. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Vásquez-Hernández2022, author={Vásquez-Hernández, Alejandro and Ortega, Jesús and Giménez, Zulay and Alarcón, Luis Fernando }, editor={ }, title={Method of Industrialization Potential Analysis of Construction Systems}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={433-444}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1977}, doi={10.24928/2022/0147}, affiliation={ PhD Student, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Assistant Professor, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia, avasquez5@uc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0002-1073-4038 ; 2 PhD Candidate, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, jaortega2@uc.cl, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-1148-937X ; 3 Professor, School of Civil Construction, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, zmgimenez@ing.puc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0001-9051-1434 ; 4 Professor, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, lalarcon@ing.puc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0002-9277-2272 }, abstract={Construction is a production system characterized by inefficiencies associated with its processes. Industrialized construction (IC) is a promising approach as an optimization mechanism based on decreased variability. In this regard, it stimulates the standardization of work, which is an essential lean management principle to improve the production system. However, IC presents an incipient level of adoption and implementation. This paper describes a method for the industrialization potential analysis of construction systems (IPA), allowing design teams to identify construction systems whose standardization, modular coordination, and preassembly have more potential to improve project performance. It was developed through an action-oriented framework based on the action research methodology. Researchers, construction companies, and the cohesive entity of the construction sector (Industrialized Construction Council, ICC) participated. }, author_keywords={Industrialized construction, standardization, modular coordination, preassembly }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Ismail2022, author={Ismail, Nada and Kalach, Mayssa and Kleib, Yorgo }, editor={ }, title={Towards a Citizen Centered Smart City: Integrating LeanThinking and Social Wellbeing}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={4454-455}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1978}, doi={10.24928/2022/0149}, affiliation={ME Student, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, noi01@mail.aub.edu ; Lecturer, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, mk314@aub.edu.lb, orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-3911 ; ME Student, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, yfk04@mail.aub.edu }, abstract={Smart Cities have long been viewed from the triple bottom line of the environmental, social, and economic sustainability dimensions paired with an overemphasis on technology adoption. Recently, researchers started to unveil the importance of the social aspect as a core “smartness” indicator on the one hand, and the synergy between “smartness” and lean thinking on the other hand. While lean philosophy aligns well with the sustainability context, it (more importantly) places people at the root of its practices. This paper argues for a Lean Smart City model that elevates the citizens’ social wellbeing and places their values at the core of decision-making to establish for a Citizen-Centered Smart City (CCSC). This is achieved through: (1) investigating the Smart City concepts through a thorough literature review, (2) synthesizing a comprehensive list of social wellbeing indices and mapping them with the underlying lean management principle(s) and (3) developing a framework for a CCSC implementation plan. The framework considers citizens’ social wellbeing indices as key values in implementing smart city principles. }, author_keywords={Lean thinking, smart city, collaboration, integration, social sustainability. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Ortega2022, author={Ortega, Jesús and Vásquez-Hernández, Alejandro and Giménez, Zulay and Alarcón, Luis Fernando }, editor={ }, title={Ideation Framework in Industrialized Construction}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={456-467}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1979}, doi={10.24928/2022/0150}, affiliation={ PhD Candidate, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, jaortega2@uc.cl, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-1148-937X ; PhD Student, Department Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Assistant Professor, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia, avasquez5@uc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0002-1073-4038 ; Professor, School of Civil Construction, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, zmgimenez@ing.puc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0001-9051-1434 ; Professor, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, lalarcon@ing.puc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0002-9277-2272 }, abstract={Currently, industrialized construction (IC) is no longer an option, as it has become a necessity for companies that wish to maintain competitiveness and mitigate the pressures in terms of quality, cost, time, and sustainable performance in the construction sector. However, the way to industrialize effectively is still full of uncertainty; companies do not conceive of the incorporation of IC from the early stages, but they start late in the advanced design or even close to the execution phase, which results in the failure of the adoption of these industrialized systems, because such systems require, as a basic condition, thinking early about its incorporation and developing new design integrated and collaborative practices/knowledge. This paper proposes an Ideation Framework in Industrialized Construction (IFIC) that mainly improves the ideation process of ideas/actions within the IC design phase. The IFIC was developed under the design science research methodology. For the evaluation of this framework, the research was based on four case studies. The main contribution is the creation of two fundamental axes for ideation processes: (i) Ideation by self-assessment and (ii) Referral Ideation, which allows devising and incorporating industrialized solutions in a reliable way in IC projects }, author_keywords={Industrialized construction, DFMA, design science, integration, collaboration }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Soliman-Junior2022, author={Soliman-Junior, Joao and Awwal, Samira and Tzortzopoulos, Patricia and Ayo-Adejuyigbe, Morolake and Kagioglou, Mike }, editor={ }, title={Eliciting Requirements in Social Housing Retrofit Projects: Tools and Processes Within a Living Lab Setting}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={468-479}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1980}, doi={10.24928/2022/0152}, affiliation={ Lecturer, Department of Architecture and 3D Design, Innovative Design Lab (IDL), School of Arts and Humanities, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK, J.SolimanJunior@hud.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000-0002-8089-8628 ; PhD Student, Innovative Design Lab (IDL), University of Huddersfield, UK, samira.awwal@hud.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000-0001-7771-1511 ; Professor, Department of Architecture and 3D Design, Director, Innovative Design Lab (IDL), School of Arts and Humanities, University of Huddersfield, UK, p.tzortzopoulos@hud.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000- 0002-8740-6753 ; PhD Student, Innovative Design Lab (IDL), University of Huddersfield, UK, morolake.ayoadejuyigbe@hud.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000-0002-9600-7746 ; Professor, School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Australia, M.Kagioglou@westernsydney.edu.au, orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-1484 }, abstract={Requirements’ elicitation is a critical step in construction projects as it affects design development, construction, and ultimately, impacts on value generation. In social housing retrofit projects it becomes especially relevant due to the improvement character underlying such initiatives, which offers an opportunity to better address residents’ needs, but also to consider the effects of disruption and cost implications. Despite different tools and processes being widely acknowledged by existing literature, their practical application in this type of project is often shallow and do not effectively support the definition of requirements that meet users’ and other stakeholders’ needs. This paper reports on preliminary findings from an ongoing research project focused on the use of living labs during the retrofit of 8 social housing dwellings in West Yorkshire, UK. It aims to better understand how different tools (i.e., Virtual Reality immersive cave, virtual walkthroughs, and value cards) are useful in the context of generating value within living labs. Key findings relate to the description of how tools were used in this context, as well as the participants’ assessment of their benefits and limitations. }, author_keywords={Requirements, Value, Social Housing, Retrofit, Living Labs, Tools, Virtual Reality. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Asadian2022, author={Asadian, Elnaz and Leicht, Robert M. }, editor={ }, title={Social Interactions and Team Dynamics in a Last Planner Meeting: an Observational Method}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={480-491}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1981}, doi={10.24928/2022/0153}, affiliation={PhD Candidate, Architectural Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA, eza234@psu.edu, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3146-7725 ; Associate Prof., Architectural Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA, rml167@psu.edu, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6705-8141 }, abstract={The Last Planner System TM (LPS) is one of the most widely recognized lean techniques in construction to improve production planning reliability. Previous studies have suggested there is still room to maximize the benefits of LPS by identifying the missing parts in the implementation process or identifying the barriers to the effective adoption of this strategy. As one of these shortcomings, LPS has had limited study concerning its human aspect and participants' social interactions to inform the technique's effectiveness. This study seeks to understand the relationships among the LPS technical procedure, social interactions and team dynamics, and the actual planning outcomes in construction projects. An observational methodology is proposed to investigate the hypothesis that if construction teams more closely adhere to LPS procedures, the technical processes would be aligned with positive social interactions among team members leading to improved team dynamics. To support this hypothesis, the procedures and norms from literature were extracted to define the observable characteristics for capturing and comparing the implementation. This methodology can be used as a resource for construction companies to investigate the quality of the current operating procedures of LPS and develop corresponding implementation and improvement standards to secure the full benefits of LPS. }, author_keywords={Last Planner System, process, observable traits, team, collaboration. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Chaize2022, author={Chaize, Eva and Balkhy, Wassim Al and Morael, Vincent and Lafhaj, Zoubeir }, editor={ }, title={Impact of Lean Practices in the Planning of Design Tasks: Evidence From Two Projects in France}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={492-503}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1982}, doi={10.24928/2022/0154}, affiliation={ Lean Manager, COEFF Lean Management Consulting Company, Paris, France, echaize@coeff.fr ; 2 Doctoral Candidate, Centrale Lille, CNRS, UMR 9013-LaMcube, Lille, France, wassim.albalkhy@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4772-8133 ; Founder and CEO, COEFF Lean Management Consulting Company, Paris, France, vmorael@coeff.fr ; 4 Full Professor, Centrale Lille, CNRS, UMR 9013-LaMcube, Lille, France, zoubeir.lafhaj@centralelille.fr, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-9176 }, abstract={Lean construction, through its different tools, has enriched the construction industry with several ways to present reliable planning for the construction process. Nevertheless, the focus on planning design tasks is still incomparable to that devoted to the construction tasks. Additionally, lean construction and its planning tools and principles are still not routinely practiced in many areas of the world. This article tries to contribute to the existing efforts and shows the integration of lean construction with digital tools to improve the reliability of planning activities for design tasks in two projects in France in time of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article results show that the use of lean practices helped avoid delays in design, better consider the client’s expectations, and improve the collaboration between the participants in the design phase. The current study brings new insights into the applicability of lean practices in improving design management in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, Last Planner® System(LPS), lean design, planning, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Pedó2022, author={Pedó, Bárbara and Nguyen, Quynh anh and Koskela, Lauri and Tezel, Algan and Vrabie, Elena and Whitelock-Wainwright, Andrew and Potter, Doug and Robinson, Stuart and Tzortzopoulos, Patricia }, editor={ }, title={Devising and Implementing Process Models Within Infrastructure Engineering Design}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={504-515}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1983}, doi={10.24928/2022/0155}, affiliation={Ph.D. Candidate, Innovative Design Lab (IDL), University of Huddersfield, United Kingdom (UK), b.pedo@hud.ac.uk, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6520-0981 ; PhD Candidate, IDL, University of Huddersfield, UK, quynhanh.nguyen@hud.ac.uk, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-6584 ; Professor, IDL, University of Huddersfield, UK, l.koskela@hud.ac.uk, https://orcid.org/0000-0003- 4449-2281 ; Lecturer, School of Infrastructure & Sustainable Engineering, Aston University, UK, a.tezel@aston.ac.uk, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3903-6126 ; Senior Technical Director, Arcadis, UK, elena.vrabie@arcadis.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0854- 6484 ; Associate Technical Director, Arcadis, UK, andrew.whitelock-wainwright@arcadis.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-3563 ; Associate Technical Director & CDM Principal Designer Manager, Arcadis, UK, doug.potter@arcadis.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-9785 ; Technical Director, Arcadis, UK, stuart.robinson@arcadis.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5350-6281 ; Professor, IDL, University of Huddersfield, UK, p.tzortzopoulos@hud.ac.uk, https://orcid.org/0000- 0002-8740-6753 }, abstract={A plethora of process models have been developed over the years with the aim to improve the performance of design and construction processes. However, effective adoption of process models is still limited; lack of guidance on which model type would be applicable in the given contexts, and an excessive focus on the design of the process models themselves instead of their implementation may be some of the reasons for this. This research investigates how process models should be used within infrastructure engineering design, considering also how different methods suit different purposes. Findings from an ongoing research project in the UK are presented, following case study as its research strategy. This paper reviews the use of process models and clarifies their relationships by describing the adopted models and comparing them with the models explored in the literature, increasing the understanding of process models within infrastructure engineering design. Benefits, limitations and challenges are also discussed, supporting future applications. }, author_keywords={Lean Design, Infrastructure, Process Models, Value Stream Mapping, Ji Koutei Kanketsu }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Hernández2022, author={Hernández, Fernando Daniel Lazcano and Armiña, Eugenio Pellicer and Rodríguez, Salvador García }, editor={ }, title={Visual Management Standard of the Reinforcement Steel Process in Mexico.}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={516-527}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1984}, doi={10.24928/2022/0156}, affiliation={ Doctoral student, Programa de Doctorado en Infraestructuras de Transporte y Territorio, Universitat Politécnica of Valencia (UPV), fdlazher@doctorado.upv.es ; Research Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Engineer Faculty, Benemérita Autonomous University of Puebla, México, fernando.lazcano@correo.buap.mx, orcid.org/0000-0003-0641-8291 ; Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, España, pellicer@upv.es ; Tecnologico de Monterrey, campus Monterrey, México, sgr@tec.mx }, abstract={The importance of standardizing processes is one of the basic principles of "Lean" practices, it reduces the workload for the Construction Industry. It is important, particularly because of its artisanal process in Mexico. We can ask ourselves, how to adapt the standard with Visual Lean Management of a steel reinforcement work process that is used in Housing in the Construction Industry in Mexico? This attempt is still in its infancy, that is, the vast majority of the processes are not standardized. The studied process is based on the Mexican competency standard ECO-351-Manufacture of structural elements with reinforcing steel, as a spearhead to standardize the processes, of the concepts in general of the construction, to close the entire work cycle of the work, this article aims to highlight the importance and promote standardization, always seeking continuous improvement of the process by the user, but with a visual management approach (VM), so that production workers understand it faster and easier ; it was carried out through the cycle of continuous improvement of Deming (PDCA). }, author_keywords={Standardization, Visual Management, Lean Construction, Continuous Improvement }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Stevens2022, author={Stevens, Matt }, editor={ }, title={Superior Contractor Performance: a Barrier to Lean Construction Adoption in Australia}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={528-539}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1985}, doi={10.24928/2022/0157}, affiliation={Lecturer, School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney Univeristy, Penrith, NSW AU, matt.stevens@westernsydney.edu.au, orcid.org/0000-0003-2301-1311 }, abstract={The Australian construction industry produces twice as much value per dollar while enduring four times the competition than manufacturing. Impressively, this sector outpaces six of nine major industries in the country. However, their quantitative success may dampen Lean Construction's adoption, hurting the industry long-term. Practices significantly transform the value of the inputs, and contractors do it better than manufacturing. However, the industry is much riskier than manufacturing, so contractors hesitate to change to new ones quickly. It appears that organisations will not rapidly adopt Lean's methodology partially due to the success and risk of the Australian construction Industry. This paper proposes a survey methodology of practices to convince contractors of Lean Construction’s improvement potential. Obviously, they should search wherever there may be promising methods. However, this research outlines a straightforward process to validate valuable practices that can be executed internally in the industry and clarify practices' value and timely completion. The aim is to convince already superior performing contractors to see the LC approach as a competitive opportunity. }, author_keywords={Construction contracting management, best practice, performance improvement, innovation. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Lerche2022, author={Lerche, Jon and Wandahl, Søren and Neve, Hasse }, editor={ }, title={Identifying the Impact on Labor Productivity From Design Choices Through Work Sampling}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={540-551}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1986}, doi={10.24928/2022/0159}, affiliation={PhD, Dept. of BTech., Aarhus University, Birk Centerpark 15, 7400 Herning, Denmark, jon.lerche@btech.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-9630 ; Professor, Aarhus University, Dept. of Technology Management & Engineering, Inge Lehmanns Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, swa@cae.au.dk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-6035. ; PhD, Consultant, Denmark, hasse_neve@hotmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2311-3529 }, abstract={Productivity within construction and production is about the relationship between earned value and input of resource value. Researchers have dominantly focused on measuring how the hours are spent categorically in relation to the total amount of hours spent in order to understand productivity. Little has been done to investigate how the decision before execution affects productivity or process durations. Through a case study investigating assembly of cables at numerous locations with similar configurations, two companies are asked to install and terminate cables between switchgear. Their technical design solutions are compared, as the exterior around these is considered homogenous. This allows an understanding of how two design choices affect productivity and process durations. The results show how the design affects the productivity, where both contractors achieve a 25 % value-adding work, while the durations are significantly different- up to a 94 % difference at times. The results are contributing to the practical understanding of technical solutions and how the processes are thought into the design, The results contribute to the literature by raising the question of whether our quality management systems are adequately attuned to this situation. }, author_keywords={Process, productivity, time compression, waste, work sampling }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Kalsaas2022, author={Kalsaas, Bo Terje and Bølviken, Trond and Skaar, John }, editor={ }, title={The Dual Nature of Complexity in Construction Management–Call for a Renewed Debate}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={552-563}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1987}, doi={10.24928/2022/0160}, affiliation={Professor Emeritus, Dr Ing., Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Agder, N-4846 Grimstad, Norway, bo.t.kalsaas@uia.no, orcid.org/0000-0003-4383- 1683 ; Professor, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, University of Agder, N-4846 Grimstad, Norway, trond.bolviken@outlook.com, orcid.org/0000-0003-4834-2408 ; Assistant Professor, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, University of Agder, N-4846 Grimstad, Norway, john.skaar@uia.no, orcid.org/0000-0003- 2290-2374 }, abstract={The paper is conceptual, with the aim of raising a new debate on complexity and value creation within IGLC. The topic of complexity in construction projects was first raised in the Nineties before it in the early 2000s was introduced on the Lean Construction and IGLC agenda. When facing a complex problem, there are two possible strategies to pursue with reference to the Cynefin framework for complexity. The first is to transform and move the problem into the complicated or even simple domain, thereby making it manageable. The second is to handle the problem within the complex domain. The dominant approach within both Project Management and Lean is the first, namely, to emphasize efficiency, flow, standardization, best practice, planning, reliability, and control. The paper challenges this lop-sidedness by pointing out its potential reductionism and argues that we should also appreciate, exploit, and take advantage of complexity instead of just combatting it. Value creation is reliant upon both strategies and is therefore not a question of either or, but of balance and trade-offs based on an inherent dualism }, author_keywords={Complexity, complicated, Cynefin, value creation, desig }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Thajudeen2022, author={Thajudeen, Shamnath and Elgh, Fredrik and Lennartsson, Martin }, editor={ }, title={Applying a DFMA Approach in the Redesign of Steel Bracket -a Case Study in Post and Beam System}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={564-575}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1988}, doi={10.24928/2022/0161}, affiliation={ Ph.D. Student. Department of Industrial Product Development, Production and Design, School of Engineering, Jönköping University,, Jönköping, Sweden, +46725323356, shamnath.thajudeen@ju.se, orcid.org/ 0000-0003-2239-973X ; Professor, Department of Industrial Product Development, Production and Design, School of Engineering, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden, +46706401672, fredrik.elgh@ju.se, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-3677-8311 ; Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Product Development, Production and Design, School of Engineering, Jönköping University,, Jönköping, Sweden, +4636101631, martin.lennartsson@ju.se, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6619-7489 }, abstract={Design for manufacturing and assembly (DfMA) has gained increased attention in the construction industry as the process has been industrialized and shifting towards a combination of factory prefabrication and assembly on site. The aim of this study is twofold. Firstly, to apply the DfMA approach in the redesign of a steel bracket from a post and beam building system to simplify the design for reducing the cost and improving manufacturability. Secondly, to experimentally evaluate the mechanical properties of the redesigned bracket for implementation. An experimental case study has been conducted in a multistorey post and beam building system. The empirical data were collected from five semi-structured interviews and two workshops. The result shows that the DfMA approach has the potential to improve the manufacturability and cost of building components in Industrialized house building (IHB) and is comparable to lean design. Moreover, the proposed steel bracket offers satisfactory load-bearing capacities and shows an improvement with a reduction of cost by 15%, lead time by 50%, and material efficiency by 25%. DFMA can be used as a promising approach for aligning the design phases of IHB with the production and assembly by improving cross-functional collaboration. }, author_keywords={Off-site construction, Design management, design for manufacturing, design for assembly, lean construction. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Tezel2022, author={Tezel, Algan and Kifokeris, Dimosthenis and Formoso, Carlos and Koskela, Lauri and Koch, Christian }, editor={ }, title={A Conceptual Framework for Lean Construction and Blockchain Synergy}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={576-587}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1989}, doi={10.24928/2022/0162}, affiliation={Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Aston University, UK, a.tezel@aston.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000- 0003-3903-6126 ; Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, dimkif@chalmers.se, orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-8730 ; Professor, Building Innovation Research Unit (NORIE), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, formoso@ufrgs.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-4772-3746 ; Professor, Department of Architecture and 3D Design, University of Huddersfield, UK, l.koskela@hud.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000-0003-4449- 2281 ; Professor, Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Denmark, christiank@build.aau.dk, orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-976X }, abstract={Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology referring to decentralized databases existing across multiple locations and participants, in which the need for intermediariesto process, validate or authenticate transactions is reduced or eliminated. Such transactions are synchronously held by computer nodes in distributed copies, with cryptographic signatures validated through consensus protocols and transparency achieved through peer-to-peer transactional access among the nodes. Blockchain-based applications can be preferred over centralized databases on the basis of high levels of trust, data security, immutability, transparency, and multi-user consensus protocols. There is growing interest in blockchain in the built environment, with a focus on procurement, the management of supply chain project-life cycle, smart cities, intelligent systems, sustainability, and decentralized organizations. However, there is little discussion on whether and how blockchain will affect the advances in lean construction (LC) and vice versa. This paper therefore proposes a framework that establishes interactions between blockchain and lean construction, which can potentially facilitate the implementation of both. It is based on a synthetic literature review. The results indicate that blockchain can facilitate the implementation of LC (e.g., recording and retrieving of Last Planner data), and vice versa (e.g., value stream mapping guiding the integration of blockchain with processes). }, author_keywords={Lean construction, distributed ledger technology, blockchain, smart contracts, framework, synergy. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Christensen12022, author={Christensen1, Randi }, editor={ }, title={Defining More Sustainable and Innovative Solutions Through Choosing by Advantages}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={588-598}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1990}, doi={10.24928/2022/0163}, affiliation={PhD, Sustainability Director COWI, Co-Founder of collabdecisions.com. rmch@cowi.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-7057 }, abstract={The nature, characteristics and traditions of the Architect, Engineer and Construction (AEC) Industry can be a challenge for enabling innovations and development. As projects are limited in time and scope and often under cost pressure, it can be difficult to prioritize time to innovate. However, as we recognize the negative impact our industry has on e.g., climate changes, loss of biodiversity and social inequalities, the industry needs to change and develop at a higher pace. If we want to be part of the solution and not the problem, we need to ask some very important questions on e.g., the methods we work by, the solutions we design, and the materials we use. Lean methods like Choosing by Advantages (CBA) have proven to enable cross disciplinary and collaborative decision making. But CBA could also set the framework for targeted innovation and development within a project setting. This paper presents the idea of how CBA could support targeted innovation within project constraints. The method was tested on a case, where the client was seeking improvements within specific areas compared to a 'standard' solution. }, author_keywords={Sustainability, Choosing by Advantages (CBA), Learning, Action Research, Innovation }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Biotto2022, author={Biotto, Clarissa and Kagioglou, Mike and Koskela, Lauri and Tzortzopoulos, Patricia and Serra, Sheyla }, editor={ }, title={Project Pull Planning Based on Location: From Construction to Design}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={599-610}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1991}, doi={10.24928/2022/0164}, affiliation={ Professor, Architecture and Urbanism and Design Department, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil, clerwice@gmail.com, 0000-0002-2433-6735 ; Dean of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Australia, M.Kagioglou@westernsydney.edu.au, 0000-0003-3521-1484 ; Professor, University of Huddersfield, UK, L.Koskela@hud.ac.uk, 0000-0003-4449-2281 ; Professor, University of Huddersfield, UK, P.Tzortzopoulos@hud.ac.uk, 0000-0002-8740-6753 ; Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), Brazil, sheylabs@ufscar.br, 0000-0002-9508-976X }, abstract={Construction project management is known for being fragmented and disconnected between the stages of design, supply and construction. Lean construction has a variety of well known production planning and control methods that may be used to integrate and improve the information flow between these stages. These methods and techniques include location-based tools and the Last Planner System (LPS). However, the combined use of location-based tools with the LPS to allow an entire project, including the design, supply and construction, to be pull planned, has not been described in the literature. This paper presents results of one study in which location-based planning tools were deployed to pull the project planning from construction to design. The study is part of a doctoral thesis which used the design science research as a mode to produce new knowledge. The main contribution of the paper is the model to develop a location-based project management including the use of the LPS in construction, supply and design. The model enables project managers to have a holistic view of the project plan, and structure it as a pull flow from construction to design, reducing work-in-progress and batch sizes between stages, and improving the information flow among project stakeholders. }, author_keywords={Project management, pull planning, location-based schedule, design, construction. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Landim2022, author={Landim, Gabriela Linhares and Rocha, Larissa de Moraes and Nogueira, Rebeca Nara and Neto, José de P. Barros }, editor={ }, title={The Synergies Between Lean and BIM: A Practical and Theoretical Comparison}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={611-622}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1992}, doi={10.24928/2022/0165}, affiliation={M.Sc. Candidate, Fed. Univ. of Ceará, gabriela.linhares@alu.ufc.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-4801 ; M.Sc. Candidate, Fed. Univ. of Ceará, larissarocha@alu.ufc.br, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-3058-3900 ; M.Sc. Candidate, Fed. Univ. of Ceará, rebecanara@alu.ufc.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-4423-500X ; Professor, Dept. of Acad. and Technol. Integ., Fed. Univ. of Ceará, Fortaleza/Brazil, jpbarros@ufc.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-5131-4593 }, abstract={Lean and BIM combined have proven to positively impact productivity in the construction sector. This paper aims to identify how the synergies between Lean and BIM have been happening in practical and real-life applications and compare them with the Sacks et al. (2010) matrix, using the information on processes of Brazilian construction companies that work with Lean and BIM. We carried out semi-structured interviews with three construction companies to identify the interactions between Lean and BIM in their processes. As a result, we identified synergies in both Sacks et al. (2010) and the construction companies' practices; other synergies were identified only in Sacks et al. (2010), while others were identified only in the companies interviewed. These new interactions may be due to the technological advances during the last decade that made possible new uses of BIM or the level of implementation of Lean and BIM by companies, amongst other factors. This work contributes to technical and scientific knowledge since it brings a practical view of a topic that has a more theoretical approach. With the results, we can indicate the more common interactions to be implemented by companies, creating a safer way to be followed by companies seeking to implement Lean and BIM. }, author_keywords={Building Information Modeling, Lean Construction, BIM and Lean Interaction Matrix, synergy. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Padia2022, author={Padia, Shubham Ashok and Divatia, Ami and Saripally, Durga }, editor={ }, title={Employee’s Mental Wellbeing With Reference to IEQ and Managerial Environment in Office Spaces}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={623-634}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1993}, doi={10.24928/2022/0167}, affiliation={VDC Project Engineer at vConstruct Private Limited and Post-Graduate student from CEPT University, India, +91- 8401683451, shubhamashokpadia@gmail.com ; Freelance Researcher consultant and Visiting Faculty, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India, +91 – 9898246887, amidivatia@yahoo.co.in ; Operations Manager, vConstruct Private Limited, Pune, India, +91- 8446001611, durgas@vconstruct.in }, abstract={Pre-corona the economy flourished but number of employees suffering from mental-wellbeing issues was rising. This set the stage for understanding the relationship between workplace mental-wellbeing, Indoor environment quality and Managerial Environment. As employees are a significant expenditure for companies, human-centric design and workplace optimization is gaining ground. WHO reported that the costs incurred on the global economy because of depression and anxiety was estimated as 1- trillion US dollars per-annum in lost productivity in 2019. This lost in cost and productivity can be considered as waste which can be eliminated by using Lean construction to optimize the workplace environment. Therefore, the main research question here was to know that to what extent the IEQ parameters and Managerial Environment, relate to mental wellbeing while working at corporate office spaces. Employees of diverse scale firms of Ahmedabad were considered. A mixed-research methodology was being adopted and data was collected by means of a questionnaire survey and interviews. Data analysis was done with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics of the survey and coping strategies were noted with the help of interviews. This study would be a thirst area for a balanced work-environment considering the physical, social, and mental wellbeing of the employees. }, author_keywords={Lean construction; safety, quality, health; waste; mental wellbeing; workplace optimization. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Chauhan2022, author={Chauhan, Krishna and Peltokorpi, Antti and Abou-Ibrahim, Hisham and Seppänen, Olli }, editor={ }, title={Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing Coordination Practices: Case Finnish Construction Market}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={635-644}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1994}, doi={10.24928/2022/0169}, affiliation={ Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, Krishna.chauhan@aalto.fi ; Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, Antti.peltokorpi@aalto.fi ; Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, hisham.abouibrahim@aalto.fi ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, Olli.Seppänen@aalto.fi }, abstract={MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing) coordination is a challenging task in construction projects. Failing to properly manage the MEP activities can lead to consuming up to 60% of the total budget, as noted in literature. Previous studies have documented several challenges of MEP coordination; however, they did not focus on understanding different stakeholders' perspectives. Thus, in this research, we have analyzed the challenges of MEP coordination from different stakeholders’ perspectives taking the Finnish construction sector as a case. The study employed semi-structured interviews, web-based surveys, and experts’ workshops as means of data collection. In addition, we have also analyzed current practices for MEP coordination and presented possible ways to improve the MEP coordination in Finnish construction industries. The results showed significant shortcomings including non-accurate initial design plans, lack of trust between parties, unforeseen MEP cost at early phases, and unavailability of realtime progress monitoring tools. As a contribution, this study presented several challenges, especially in the regional context. Furthermore, this study also analyzed currently used MEP coordination practices in the Finnish construction market and presented suggestions for improvements. The findings of this study will help in the reduction of construction wastes, delays, and cost overruns in construction projects. }, author_keywords={MEP coordination, challenges, solutions, lean tools }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Conte2022, author={Conte, Manoela and Trentin, Bianca and Pedó, Bárbara and Bernardo Martim Beck da Silva, Etges and Navarrete, Santiago }, editor={ }, title={Exploring the Use of Digital Visual Management for Last Planner System Implementation}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={645-656}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1995}, doi={10.24928/2022/0172}, affiliation={Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil ; ; ; ; }, abstract={The Last Planner system has been widely implemented seeking to offer greater transparency and predictability for construction projects through collaborative production planning. A major challenge in this context is increasing process transparency, which is one of the visual management (VM) purposes and a basic principle of the Lean production philosophy. Achieving this has required extrapolating the limits of the physical environment through the use of digital tools, which lead to the digitalization of VM and to virtual collaboration. This process was accelerated due to the COVID-19 context, the physical boundaries constraints, and the need for real-time information sharing and collaboration. This paper aims to explore and discuss the use of digital VM tools for LPS implementation. Action research was the methodological approach adopted in this research. The investigation was based on a consultancy in a construction company in Brazil. The digital VM tools and practices adopted in the different planning levels were assessed through requirements considered relevant to this context, including visual and non-visual aspects. Their impact in collaborative production planning is discussed. The ongoing results indicate that digital tools were better suited to the strategic and tactical levels, while traditional tools showed more suitable for the operational level. }, author_keywords={Last Planner® System, Visual management, Collaboration, Digitalisation, Miro }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Lujan2022, author={Lujan, Guillermo Prado and Murguia, Danny }, editor={ }, title={Lean Public Construction in the Project Definition Phase: The Case of Peru}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={657-668}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1996}, doi={10.24928/2022/0173}, affiliation={Researcher, Construction Management & Technology Research Group (GETEC), Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, guillermo.prado@pucp.edu.pe, orcid.org/0000-0002-5325-1132 ; Assistant Professor, Construction Management & Technology Research Group (GETEC), Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, dmurguia@pucp.pe, orcid.org/0000-0003-1009-4058 }, abstract={Public construction in developing countries is characterized by a lack of quality design information, poor front-end engineering studies, fragmented procurement, and financial obstacles. As a result, projects exhibit major delays, cost overruns, and contract resolution during construction which end up in failed projects. These issues cause dramatic losses in value for end-users and society. Current literature suggests that the main issues in public construction are rooted in the strategic definition, briefing, and concept design. To tackle these problems, the current research will focus on understanding the valuegenerating principles of public construction at the project definition phase by using the Lean Project Delivery System (LPDS). The methodology in this research is inductive and based on qualitative data. The case of Peru was used as a case representing a developing country. The findings show that the value-generating principles for public construction are end-user consideration, asset functionality, transparency, efficiency, predictability, and efficacy. However, the institutional pressures both enable and constrain public managers’ ability to deliver the expected outcomes and value. This represents a great opportunity to deploy lean methods at the beginning of the project to improve transparency, collaboration, and drive innovation. Future studies can develop a leanenabled framework for public construction and scrutinize the constraints for value generation. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, LPDS, project definition, public construction }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Davoudabadi2022, author={Davoudabadi, Soudabeh and Pedo, Barbara and Tezel, Algan and Koskela, Lauri }, editor={ }, title={A Cognitive Review for Improving the Collaboration Between BIM and Lean Experts}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={669-680}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1997}, doi={10.24928/2022/0174}, affiliation={ Master Student, Department of Architecture and 3D Design, University of Huddersfield, UK U2070281@unimail.hud.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000-0001-5350-5166 ; PhD Student and KTP Associate, Department of Architecture and 3D Design, University of Huddersfield, UK, b.pedo@hud.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000-0002-6520-0981 ; Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Aston University, UK, a.tezel@aston.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000- 0003-3903-6126 ; Professor, Department of Architecture and 3D Design, University of Huddersfield, UK, l.koskela@hud.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000-0003-4449- 2281 }, abstract={Collaboration between Lean Construction and BIM teams is a key factor in exploiting the synergies between Lean and BIM. Although various studies have underlined the importance of team cognition and Team Mental Models (TMM) in the success or failure of collaboration amongst teams, those concepts have not been sufficiently explored from a Lean/BIM perspective. Therefore, this study attempts to introduce the concept of TMM to the Lean-BIM domain by conducting a cognitive review of the Lean-BIM joint implementation at an engineering design firm in the UK with the principal aim of developing a set of suggestions to improve the collaboration between BIM and Lean experts. To collect data, this study used a mixed research approach including secondary research, a case study and semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was conducted through Thematic Analysis to find the main barriers hindering an effective Lean-BIM joint implementation. Findings also suggest that improving the components of TMM can result in an improved Lean-BIM joint implementation. A set of recommendations for Lean and BIM teams’ collaboration is also given in the paper. }, author_keywords={Design, team mental models, team cognition, BIM and Lean collaboration, BIM and Lean synergy. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Apgar2022, author={Apgar, Becca and Smith, James P. and Copenhaver, Daryn }, editor={ }, title={How Does Flow Impact Data Center Roofing Durations? A Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={681-692}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1998}, doi={10.24928/2022/0175}, affiliation={Undergraduate Student, Civil and Construction Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA, bapgar@byu.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-8528-0544 ; Assistant Professor, Civil and Construction Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA, james_smith@byu.edu, orcid.org/0000-0001-8925-5680 ; 3Lean Innovation Manager, Mortenson Construction, daryn.copenhaver@mortenson.com }, abstract={Throughout the last few decades, a slow shift from the Critical Path Method to other, flow-focused scheduling methods has occurred in the industry. However, they have not yet been widely implemented by construction companies. This case study was conducted on a private data center project on a large site in which the project team has applied Takt time, pull planning, and location-based scheduling (i.e., Takt planning). The case study takes into consideration the roofing schedules for five buildings constructed over a span of three years and compares their total roofing task duration before and after the implementation of these techniques. The analysis has shown that a focus on flow and implementation of Takt planning on a large data center project decreases the overall duration of roofing construction tasks. This case study serves as a support for the transition from the traditional Critical Path Method to Takt planning or a flow-based approach since it has effectively decreased total roofing duration in this project. }, author_keywords={Takt planning, location-based management (LBM), flow, pull planning }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Lota2022, author={Lota, Paramjit Singh and TM, Vijayashree and Dave, Bhargav }, editor={ }, title={Projects Are Becoming ‘Lean’, but Not Organisations}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={693-703}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/1999}, doi={10.24928/2022/0177}, affiliation={Solution Specialist, VisiLean, India, paramjit.lota@visilean.com, orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-337X ; Solution Specialist, VisiLean, India, vijayashree@visilean.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-4552-0873 ; CEO, VisiLean, India, bhargav@visilean.com, orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-506X }, abstract={There is significant evidence of successful lean implementation at the project level. However, there is limited evidence of lean percolating through organisations in both literature, as well as industry. While the critical aspects of strategic adoption of lean to overcome organisational resistance have been clearly highlighted, the implementation is in most cases limited to select projects and not all projects across an organisation’s portfolio. Despite proven benefits on projects within their own portfolio and the knowledge and skills for successfully implementing lean, organisations still fail to change their approach towards continuous improvement and driving efficiency as a whole. The paper here focuses on the need for a revised approach towards the adoption and sustenance of lean within companies at a business level by highlighting the importance of culture across the company’s portfolio. The authors reflect on their experience of working with client and contractor organisations across multiple projects to review the difference in the maturity and implementation of lean. Following this, the authors corroborate their findings from discussion with a major public sector body and its supply chain on their lean journey over the last decade, to shed light on the approach needed today for successful lean implementation for organisation-wide sustenance. }, author_keywords={Lean Construction, Lean Culture, Lean Implementation }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Vaitla2022, author={Vaitla, Raviteja and Gaikwad, Vrinda A. and S., Abhinav Reddy and Yoon, Jong Han }, editor={ }, title={Developing a Multi Project-Collaboration Based IPD Framework for Small & Medium Scale Enterprises in the Construction Industry}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={704-714}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2000}, doi={10.24928/2022/0179}, affiliation={Graduate Student, Building construction and Facility Management Department, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA, rvaitla3@gatech.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-6518-2314 ; Graduate Student, Building construction and Facility Management Department, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA, vgaikwad7@gatech.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-3783-4100 ; Graduate Student, Building construction and Facility Management Department, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA, asingireddy7@gatech.edu, orcid.org/0000-0001-6344-9516 ; 4 PHD Candidate, Building construction and Facility Management Department, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA jyoon337@gatech.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-6303-6241 }, abstract={Small and medium enterprises (SME) in construction projects frequently struggle to manage labour, materials, finances, and equipment. The Integrated Project Delivery method (IPD) has the potential to solve these challenges. However, the existing IPD framework has a low feasibility rate in SMEs due to technological, financial, and managerial challenges. This is because IPD is a project delivery system that requires adequate capital, communication channels, software, training for workers, etc. which are usually available with large-scale construction projects but not with SME-based projects. Accordingly, this paper proposes a new IPD framework more specific to small and medium scale construction projects by improving the existing framework in terms of resource management and cross-validation of stakeholders. The proposed framework enables the SME projects to acquire and manage the resources for conducting IPD through the concept of “Multi-Project collaboration”. In the collaboration, multiple contractors with individual projects cooperate with one another for achieving a positive impact on their performance through the IPD method. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by enabling the construction industry to understand the effective application of the IPD method to SME projects. }, author_keywords={Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), Collaboration, Alliancing, SME, Challenges. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Lehtovaara2022, author={Lehtovaara, Joonas and Tommelein, Iris D. and Seppänen, Olli }, editor={ }, title={How a Takt Plan Can Fail: Applying Failure Modes and Effects Analysis in Takt Control}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={715-726}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2001}, doi={10.24928/2022/0182}, affiliation={ Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, and Visiting Researcher, Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, joonas.lehtovaara@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002- 4761-3811 ; Professor, Director of Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, tommelein@berkeley.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-9941-6596 ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, olli.seppanen@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 }, abstract={Construction projects need adequate planning to set a structure and direction for production, but simultaneously call for effective control to maintain the direction when something unexpected happens. Effective control is of utmost importance for takt production, which is especially vulnerable when disruptions occur. While previous takt production research has primarily focused on how to form a good takt plan, little attention has been given to how to control and continuously improve takt production systems effectively. Addressing the gap, this study inspects takt control through the lenses of failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA). First, we argue that takt control can be perceived through three different failure categories: failures within wagons, failures in handoffs, and failures in takt trains. We discuss the peculiarities of takt control through these categories and provide examples of failures with their respective failure mode(s) and possible control action(s). Second, we construct an FMEA-based framework for effective takt control that shows how to recover from failures and avoid them altogether. Future research may consider validating the failure categories and the framework through case studies or simulations, and examining their applicability in supporting digital takt production. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, takt production, failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA), production planning, production control }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Gimenez2022, author={Gimenez, Victor and Diepenbruck, Thomas M. and Rodegheri, Priscila M. and Serra, Sheyla M. Baptista and Anumba, Chimay J. }, editor={ }, title={Lean Solutions for Program Development for Construction Daily Report}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={727-737}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2002}, doi={10.24928/2022/0183}, affiliation={Architect, Trutec, São Paulo, Brazil, victor_sg@outlook.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2421-9301 ; Master Science, Technical Superintendent, HTB Engenharia e Construção SA; Sao Paulo, Brazil, thomas.diepenbruck@htb.eng.br ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-9119 ; Civil Engineer, Civil Engineering Postgraduate Program (PPGECiv), Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil, priscilamr@ufscar.br, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6067-8943 ; Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department, UFSCar, Brazil, and Visiting Scholar at DCP/UF, USA, sheylabs@ufscar.br, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-976X ; Professor and Dean, College of Design, Construction and Planning (DCP), University of Florida (UFL), Gainesville, Florida, USA, anumba@ufl.edu, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4583-5928 }, abstract={The construction industry follows societal trends in the Fourth Industrial Revolution and seeks to apply new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). ICT can capture, store, process, and distribute information electronically and in large quantities. Thus, ICT can contribute to many construction documents, such as the Construction Daily Report (CDR), which has a considerable amount of data for processing and shared responsibility with several project team members. The research method used is the case study through a qualitative analysis of the information management software. The results demonstrated that its use enabled greater control of the production process, shared responsibility with the corporate sectors, and became a basis to minimize conflict between the stakeholders. The solutions incorporated in the program are presented to meet the principles of standardization, flow improvement, and increased transparency. Furthermore, the software collaborates with the solidity and quality of the enterprise’s official document and their management information, bringing better storage reliability and greater agility in information retrieval. }, author_keywords={Information management, Contract management, Production planning and control, Construction industry, Site construction. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Herrera2022, author={Herrera, Rodrigo F. and Lagos, Camilo I. and Luna, Roberto M. and Alarcón, Luis F. }, editor={ }, title={Method to Allocate Covid-19 Preventive Means of Construction Works Based on Expert Prioritization}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={738-749}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2003}, doi={10.24928/2022/0185}, affiliation={Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile, rodrigo.herrera@pucv.cl, orcid.org/0000-0001-5186-3154 ; PhD Candidate, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, colagos@uc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0002-0648-0039 ; PhD Candidate, Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, raluna@uc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0001-7647-7049 ; Professor of Civil Engineering, Dept. of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontifica Universidad Católica de Chile, lalarcon@ing.puc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0002-9277-2272 }, abstract={COVID-19 has severely impacted construction projects, not only by contagions and imposed restrictions but also by dynamically changing supply, work, and labor conditions. Management teams have had to adapt to these dynamically constrained conditions, mostly reacting through trial and error. Since decisions regarding planning, resource, and preventive means allocation must consider multiple internal and external conditions such as restrictions, schedule impacts, risks, and costs; this study proposes a method to evaluate the compared criticality of multiple construction work items and select sets of recommended preventive and reactive means accordingly. A criticality assessment tool was developed in collaboration with 11 academic and industry experts using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, which allowed to weight the compared impact of nine criticality criteria. The empirical application in nine work items from three Chilean construction projects allowed to determine four ranges of critically, where expert’ proposed sets of measures were recommended. The instrument allows assessing the items using a fivelevel evaluation scale in nine criteria to determine compared criticality, assign them to one of four criticality ranges and obtain a set of recommended actions. }, author_keywords={COVID-19, safety, health, action research, construction work prioritization }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Bellaver2022, author={Bellaver, Gustavo B. and Santos, Diego O. R. S. and Etges, Bernardo M. and Santos, Pablo H. J. and Mota, Wesley de S. }, editor={ }, title={Implementing Lookahead Planning and Digital Tools to Enable Scalability and Set of Information in a Multi-Site Lean Implementation}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={750-761}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2004}, doi={10.24928/2022/0186}, affiliation={M.Sc. Civil Engineer, Project Coordinator, Climb Consulting Group, Porto Alegre, Brazil, gustavo@climbgroup.com.br, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4937-5861 ; 2 Civil Engineer, Consultant, Climb Consulting Group, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, diego@climbgroup.com.br, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4996-4989 ; PhD Candidate, M.Sc. Eng., Founding-Partner at Climb Consulting Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, bernardo@climbgroup.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-5597 ; Civil Engineer, Planning and Control Consultant, MRV&CO, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, pablo.santos@mrv.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-6839-7233 ; Civil Engineer, Planning and Control coordinator, MRV&CO, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, wesley.mota@mrv.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-9652 }, abstract={This paper seeks to demonstrate the implementation of lookahead planning in the current largest construction company and developer in Latin America and how best to consolidate and manage data from a large number of construction sites. This is demonstrated starting with the planning of the implementation pilot, defining the routine model, the participants, the methodology and tools and goes on to the part of continuous improvement within the implementation cycles. The project expansion and project support stages reached 162 sites within a year. This was split into three implementation cycles, led to training 40 multipliers in the lean philosophy and the last planner system within the company in question. The article also presents difficulties encountered in the process of implementing this high volume of sites. Using the preliminary data collected in the routines, it was identified that more than 56% of the restrictions are not removed on time and these, when delayed, cause a delay of 20 days. In addition, it was identified that material correspond to approximately 55% of the total restrictions found in the survey. }, author_keywords={Lookahead planning, Last Planner® System, constraint analysis, application development }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Yoon2022, author={Yoon, Jong Han and Pishdad-Bozorgi, Pardis and Sierra-Aparicio, Monica Viviana and Quintana, Emilio J }, editor={ }, title={Framework for Blockchain-Enabled Building Information Modeling (BIM) Data Sharing in Construction Supply Chain}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={762-771}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2005}, doi={10.24928/2022/0188}, affiliation={Ph.D. Candidate, School of Building Construction, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA, jyoon337@gatech.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-6303-6241 ; Associate Professor, School of Building Construction, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA, pardis.pishdad@design.gatech.edu, orcid.org/0000-0003-4208-9755 ; Assistant Project Manager, Landmark Properties, Inc, Atlanta, USA, moni9431@gmail.com ; Graduate Student, School of Building Construction, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA, equintana8@gatech.edu }, abstract={Sharing construction project data among the construction supply chain (CSC) stakeholders (e.g., Architects, General Contractors, Subcontractors, and Suppliers) is critical for the successful delivery of construction projects within time, budget, and expected quality. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an advanced technology for the stakeholders to create and share the construction data. However, BIM data is not effectively shared among the stakeholders because of the difficulty in determining BIM data ownership and the ambiguity in clarifying who will be responsible for BIM data inaccuracies. Consequently, the stakeholders cannot trust that their data are safe from data ownership and liability issues, hesitating to share their data. This study examines the potential of blockchain to address the limitations of BIM by analyzing blockchain use cases in construction and other industries. Furthermore, based on the findings, this paper proposes a novel framework for a blockchain-enabled BIM data sharing application to improve the quality assurance process in the CSC. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by 1) enabling the construction industry to understand the potential of blockchain through construction and other industries’ blockchain use cases and 2) providing a practical framework for blockchain-enabled BIM data sharing to improve the quality assurance process in the CSC. }, author_keywords={BIM, Blockchain, Construction Supply Chain, Data Sharing, Trust }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Skaar2022, author={Skaar, John }, editor={ }, title={Sensemaking of Guiding Principles in Construction Projects}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={772-783}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2006}, doi={10.24928/2022/0189}, affiliation={ Assistant Professor/Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, University of Agder, N-4846 Grimstad, Norway, john.skaar@uia.no, orcid.org/0000-0003- 2290-2374 }, abstract={Processes and operations can be supported, improved, or scrutinized as an active response to guiding principles that challenge the status quo. When it comes to the subject of complexity vs simplicity the principles can contradict each other, and even flow tends to work towards simplicity while value generation adds complexity. By addressing the importance of awareness of their counter effects they can be used with care and gain even larger value as a result. Done in ignorance their use might create chaos, project loss, or production failure. The sensemaking tool, Cynefin, is used together with some core principles of lean to illustrate and explain the intent of the paper. A fundamental difference in viewpoint of a project's nature is addressed since the right sensemaking of appropriate domain in Cynefin is important for the right use of lean principles. A discussion on a fundamentally different understanding of the phenomenon of projects adds to the ontological training urged by other IGLC members. This paper argues that projects are fundamentally unpredictable and hence should be more often sensed in the complex domain, rather than in the complicated or simple domain. }, author_keywords={Simplicity, complexity, transformation-flow-value, continuous improvement, Cynefin. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Saeedi2022, author={Saeedi, Sarow and Koohestani, Kayvan and Poshdar, Mani and Talebi, Saeed }, editor={ }, title={Investigation of the Construction Supply Chain Vulnerabilities Under an Unfavorable Macro-Environmental Context}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={784-794}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2007}, doi={10.24928/2022/0190}, affiliation={ Researcher, Industrial Engineering Department, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran, sarow.ie@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3624-5582 ; Researcher, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand, koohestani@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9988-3688 ; Lecturer, Built Environment Engineering Department, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand, mani.poshdar@aut.ac.nz, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9132-2985 ; Sr. Lecturer, School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Birmingham City University, saeed.talebi@bcu.ac.uk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6711-0931 }, abstract={International trades rely on robust supply chains. However, supply chains are vulnerable to disruptions. Before implementing lean construction, identifying construction supply chain vulnerabilities (CSCV) is crucial to avoid failure. Meanwhile, an unfavorable macro-environmental context (e.g., challenging economic and political situations) can potentially affect the behavior of CSCV. This paper aims to identify and prioritize CSCV under an unfavorable macro-environmental context in a real-world case and then analyze the changes in CSCV in a period coinciding with the Covid-19 outbreak. A literature review led us to extract 26 variables that were then prioritized using the responses from questionnaires distributed among 72 participants in the studied country. A descriptive statistical approach was used to analyze the results, which showed that unlike the normal contexts mentioned in previous studies, under an unfavorable context, such CSCV as "price and exchange rate fluctuations", "supply-demand volatility", "financial issues", and "political challenges" gained priority. Moreover, analyzing the changes in CSCV indicated that the studied construction supply chain has become more vulnerable in the mentioned period. Considering the identified CSCV, this paper suggests that managers focus more on tools such as the Last Planner System and value stream mapping when implementing lean. }, author_keywords={Construction Supply Chain Vulnerabilities (CSCV), Lean Construction, Unfavorable macro-environmental context }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Schulze2022, author={Schulze, Felix and Dallasega, Patrick }, editor={ }, title={Empirical Validation of Lean Implementation Barriers in Engineer-to-Order Companies: An Exploratory Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={796-807}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2008}, doi={10.24928/2022/0192}, affiliation={PhD Candidate, Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy, felix.schulze@natec.unibz.it, orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7891-2606 ; Associate Professor, Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy, patrick.dallasega@unibz.it, orcid.org/ 0000-0001-6120-8620 }, abstract={Enterprises employing an Engineer-to-Order (ETO) manufacturing strategy produce complex products designed specifically to customer requirements, on a project basis, under time and cost constraints. As a result of this complexity, wastes and inefficiency occur within the internal and external supply chain. To improve productivity, companies are striving to implement Lean practices in ETO environments but encounter implementation barriers. Based on the comprehensive literature study on Lean implementation barriers in ETO companies, this study empirically validates the occurrence of these barriers in practice. For this purpose, empirical evidence was gathered using a survey questionnaire followed by semi-structured interviews with 15 companies from the ETO sector in construction, mechanical engineering, and shipbuilding. As a result, the barriers mentioned in the literature are compared with the barriers that occur in practice. Simultaneously, new barriers not described in the literature are also identified. This study can guide Lean professionals in the ETO environment in their Lean efforts to identify corresponding barriers in their own organizations while trying to understand the relevant causes and fields of action to mitigate them. Future research should aim to explore other methods and strategies along with emerging technologies of Industry 4.0 that could help overcome Lean implementation barriers. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, barriers, engineer-to-order (ETO), complexity, waste }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Hatoum2022, author={Hatoum, Makram Bou and Ammar, Ashtarout and Nassereddine, Hala and Dadi, Gabriel }, editor={ }, title={Preparing Construction Employers for the Gen-Z Workforce: A Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={808-819}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2009}, doi={10.24928/2022/0193}, affiliation={Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA, mbh.93@uky.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-8824-3941. ; Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA, ashtarout.ammar@uky.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-9656-4761. ; Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA, hala.nassereddine@uky.edu, orcid.org/0000-0001-7952-5034. ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA, gabe.dadi@uky.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-3598. }, abstract={The construction industry has been facing many challenges in the recent years such as labour shortage, aging workforce, productivity decline, and resistance to change. These challenges have pushed both practitioners and academicians to investigate and invest in new transformations that can alter the industry’s traditional business-as-usual model. To successfully address the challenges and create an industry that successfully adapts to and fits in the changing environment, construction employers must prioritize attracting, recruiting, and retaining the new workforce generation. Thus, it becomes important to understand the expectations that construction students are looking for in organizations after graduation. Such studies are still missing, notably on Generation-Z and the construction industry in USA. This paper attempts to fill the gap through providing the first case study on Gen-Z students graduating from of the state of Kentucky and wanting to join the construction industry. A total of 51 students were surveyed and asked to evaluate the importance of 27 factors when accepting a job offer, describe their ideal workplace, and elaborate on whether the COVID-19 pandemic shifted their perspective on the workplace. Findings of this paper can help construction employers in and around the state of Kentucky in preparing for the Generation-Z workforce. }, author_keywords={The construction industry has been facing many challenges in the recent years such as labour shortage, aging workforce, productivity decline, and resistance to change. These challenges have pushed both practitioners and academicians to investigate and invest in new transformations that can alter the industry’s traditional business-as-usual model. To successfully address the challenges and create an industry that successfully adapts to and fits in the changing environment, construction employers must prioritize attracting, recruiting, and retaining the new workforce generation. Thus, it becomes important to understand the expectations that construction students are looking for in organizations after graduation. Such studies are still missing, notably on Generation-Z and the construction industry in USA. This paper attempts to fill the gap through providing the first case study on Gen-Z students graduating from of the state of Kentucky and wanting to join the construction industry. A total of 51 students were surveyed and asked to evaluate the importance of 27 factors when accepting a job offer, describe their ideal workplace, and elaborate on whether the COVID-19 pandemic shifted their perspective on the workplace. Findings of this paper can help construction employers in and around the state of Kentucky in preparing for the Generation-Z workforce. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Noueihed2022, author={Noueihed, Karim and Hamzeh, Farook }, editor={ }, title={The Need for a Human Centric Approach in C4.0 Technologies}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={820-831}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2010}, doi={10.24928/2022/0194}, affiliation={MSc Student, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, U of A, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, noueihed@ualberta.ca, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-3308 ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, U of A, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, hamzeh@ualberta.ca, https://orcid.org/0000-000203986-9534 }, abstract={Construction industry is amidst a radical shift towards digitalization. The promising benefits of Construction 4.0 (C4.0) are yet to be harvested; however, the implications of the C4.0 technologies are still being explored after adoption. Among the various impacts of adoption are social impacts, which have been overlooked in this fast-paced revolution despite their grave consequences on the industry and the people involved. This paper explores the literature on the social impacts of these technologies and tackles artificial intelligence as a specific case. This study compares different findings, analyzes them, and reflects on how practitioners need to consider a more humane approach when implementing new technologies. }, author_keywords={Construction 4.0, human-centric, social impacts, Lean Construction, artificial intelligence }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Khan2022, author={Khan, M. A. Hamza and Leicht, Robert M. }, editor={ }, title={Categorization of Construction Tasks for Robotics Using Lean vs Value-Added Effectiveness Framework}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={832-843}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2011}, doi={10.24928/2022/0195}, affiliation={ Ph.D. Candidate, Architectural Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA, mmk6554@psu.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-7809 ; Associate Professor, Architectural Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA, rml167@psu.edu, orcid.org/0000-0001-6705-8141 }, abstract={Robotics and automation are still considered a novelty in the U.S. construction industry, as compared to manufacturing, despite its proven advantages for production. Due to the continuing advancement of technology needed, there are limited applications of robotics in construction to date. To better identify the potential tasks that would benefit from the use of robotics on construction sites, we consider methods for assessing the craft labor tasks that occur in construction. In this paper, we decompose construction tasks of an observed activity of installation of stone veneer system and compared two systems of categorizing the construction tasks based on value added assessment and lean (waste) assessment of tasks. The analysis compares the two categorization systems using a matrix which highlights consistency in the alignment of value adding tasks, such as final placement, as well as ineffective tasks with type two muda, but discrepancies emerge regarding the idea of contributory tasks related to logistical support of construction activities. The focus of the discussion is derived from the intersection of contributory tasks with type one muda tasks. The contributory tasks offer an opportunity to reduce the use of craft labor for wasteful tasks elimination by leveraging automation and robotics. }, author_keywords={Wastes, value, lean, construction tasks categorization. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Arroyo2022, author={Arroyo, Paz and Schöttle, Annett and Christensen, Randi and Arthur, Chad }, editor={ }, title={CBA as a Differentiator to Win Projects in Pursuit: A Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={844-854}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2012}, doi={10.24928/2022/0196}, affiliation={Quality Leader DPR Construction, San Francisco, CA. paza@dpr.com ; Partner & Head of refine cell Munich, Refine Project AG, annett.schoettle@refine.team ; Sustainability Director, COWI, rmch@cowi.com ; Design Manager, DPR Construction, Sacramento, CA. chadar@dpr.com }, abstract={This paper presents a case study where a Design and Construction project team, general contractor and architect were asked to use Choosing By Advantages (CBA) during the pursuit phase of the project. The paper describes how the design and construction project team implemented CBA throughout the project pursuit, including details surrounding the team’s preparation and decisions developed during confidential conversations with the Owner. Ultimately the team implemented CBA when selecting the structural system, external facade, and the project programming. The researchers integrated the Owner's perspective to understand the motive(s) to utilize the CBA decision making method, why they chose the winning team, and the ways CBA methodologies were implemented beyond the project pursuit phase. This paper presents unique viewpoints, from both the project team and Owner’s, on the benefits of using CBA during project pursuit and beyond. The aim of sharing this case study is to inspire more owners to request the use of the CBA method at the start of the project. Choosing By Advantages simplifies the internal decision-making process, which many team find as a challenge. CBA allows for project teams to approach owners with a decision-making process that allows for optimal owner feedback leading to productivity and clarity within the phases of the project. }, author_keywords={Choosing by advantages, pursuit, collaboration, decision-making }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Arroyo2022, author={Arroyo, Paz and Hinsley, Emilee and Romayor, Ralph and Nelson, JD and Komuravelli, Raj and Holland, Ellie and Tolle, Robert and Tern, Stephen }, editor={ }, title={Building Quality Builders: Lessons Learned From Scaling a Companywide Training}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={854-865}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2013}, doi={10.24928/2022/0197}, affiliation={Quality Strategic Team, DPR Construction paza@dpr.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-8172 ; Quality Strategic Team, DPR Construction, emileeh@dpr.com ; Quality Leadership Network, DPR Construction, ralphr@dpr.com ; Quality Strategic Team, DPR Construction jd.nelson@dpr.com ; Quality Leadership Network, DPR Construction ; Quality Leader Europe, DPR Construction, ellieh@europe.dpr.com ; Quality Leadership Network, DPR Construction, robertto@dpr.com ; Quality Strategic Team, DPR Construction, stephent@dpr.com }, abstract={The fundamental purpose of this paper is to detail how a companywide educational training program has escalated in the USA and Europe in under 3 years' time. Details will include the many challenges faced throughout the process of developing the training structure and content, applying continuous improvement processes that are based off collaborative and integrated efforts, while simultaneously preparing new facilitators and maintaining program relevancy to the company culture and mission. The new virtual environment imposed by ever changing COVID-19 policies has created both challenges and innovative opportunities for the development of workplace training programs. The content of this paper builds on Arroyo and Gomez (2021) where the development of DPR Construction’s Building Quality Builders (BQB) program was first explained and documented. The content of this document’s focus will be aimed at voicing the escalating challenges, improved strategies, and trained facilitator perspectives that were utilized and shared to aid in the continued improvements of the Building Quality Builders training program. The depth of this research includes: the escalation process, communicating lessons learned within learning platforms, facilitator training, training impacts and ideas for improvement from the perspective of those who are performing the work. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Tommelein2022, author={Tommelein, Iris D. and Emdanat, Samir }, editor={ }, title={Takt Planning: An Enabler for Lean Construction}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={866-877}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2014}, doi={10.24928/2022/0198}, affiliation={Professor, Civil and Envir. Engrg. Dept., Director, Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL), University of California, Berkeley, CA, tommelein@berkeley.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-9941-6596 ; President and Co-Founder, vPlanner, Dearborn, Michigan, semdanat@vplannerapp.com, orcid.org/0000- 0002-6606-3165 }, abstract={Takt planning is being lauded as a new tool for construction planning. It is described in the academic literature and successfully applied in practice. But is it just a tool for planning? This paper aims to show that takt planning can serve as the basis of a framework that supports the application of various lean tools and methods and, accordingly, is a tool to enable lean thinking in construction. Using this framework, the paper illustrates through examples how a project team benefited from using takt to identify where to apply lean tools and methods. It shows how takt informs when and where in the workflow it is appropriate to apply various lean tools and methods such as identification of bottlenecks, workflow reliability (process stability), underloading, process capability, mistakeproofing, standardization, continuous improvement, and cycle time reduction. The contribution of this paper is to highlight that a lean journey that starts with takt may proceed with implementing numerous lean tools and methods other than those directly pertaining to takt itself. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, takt planning, continuous improvement, project production system design }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Tommelein2022, author={Tommelein, Iris D. and Singh, Vishesh V. and Coelho, Rafael V. and Lehtovaara, Joonas }, editor={ }, title={So Many Flows!}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={878-889}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2015}, doi={10.24928/2022/0199}, affiliation={Professor, Civil and Envir. Engrg. Dept., Director, Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL), University of California, Berkeley, CA, tommelein@berkeley.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-9941-6596 ; PhD Student, Civil and Envir. Eng. Dept. and Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL), Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, visheshvs@berkeley.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-6999-9727 ; PhD Student, Civil and Envir. Eng. Dept. and Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL), Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, rvcoelho@berkeley.edu, orcid.org/0000-0003-3298-3622 ; Doctoral Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland, and Visiting Researcher, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Project Production Systems Laboratory (P2SL), University of California, Berkeley, CA, joonas.lehtovaara@aalto.fi, orcid.org/0000- 0002-4761-3811 }, abstract={Flow is one of three perspectives in the Transformation-Flow-Value (TFV) conceptualization of project production systems. Accordingly, many papers published in the IGLC proceedings and elsewhere have addressed flow on a theoretical or practical basis. This notwithstanding, quite a few of these papers describe various flows only loosely without defining them formally. For example, a term such as workflow is widely used in the Lean Construction literature, but what exactly does it refer to? This paper poses the question: What kinds of flow can be distinguished? In response, different kinds of flow are listed, some already well-described and others (e.g., assembly flow) seemingly overlooked in the Lean Construction literature. The contribution of this paper is distinguishing and defining a certain number of flows in construction, using a vocabulary that is internally consistent. Flows need comprehensive attention in the design and execution of Lean Construction systems, so it is important to be clear on terminology. The goal of providing definitions regarding flows in Lean Construction is to facilitate research and communication of ideas with scholars and practitioners around the world. }, author_keywords={Flow, assembly flow, equipment flow, location flow, material flow, operation flow, process flow, product flow, resource flow, service flow, tool flow, trade flow, value flow, worker flow, workflow }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Alsakka2022, author={Alsakka, Fatima and Darwish, Mohammad and Yu, Haitao and Hamzeh, Farook and Al-Hussein, Mohamed }, editor={ }, title={The Impacts of Lean Implementation Revealed in the Course of Building a Digital Twin of a Construction Manufacturing Facility}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={890-901}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2016}, doi={10.24928/2022/0200}, affiliation={PhD student, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, falsakka@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0003-1777-1875 ; MSc graduate, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, mdarwish@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-1363-7225 ; Research and Development, ACQBUILT, Edmonton, Canada, haitaoy@acqbuilt.com, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-7798-4867 ; Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, hamzeh@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-9534 ; Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, malhussein@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-9718 }, abstract={Successful implementation of lean philosophy in various sectors has inspired many construction manufacturing companies to foster a lean culture and embark on open-ended lean transformation initiatives. This study presents the case of a panelized construction company that has embraced the lean philosophy over the past decade. Experiments undertaken during the process of building a digital twin of the company’s production facility to verify the logic underlying the developed model reveal an increase in productivity. Using the same productivity regression models to model framing operations in two different years, the simulation of combined productive and delay times results in an underestimation compared to actual production data from 2013 but an overestimation compared to actual production data from 2017. Moreover, prominent lean changes implemented over the years that are positively correlated with productivity improvement are identified. These include standardizing the design and manufacturing processes, minimizing waste (including Mura, Muda, and material waste), ensuring a continuous flow, balancing the production line, following a just-in-time approach for the delivery of materials and implementing the 5S program. The findings underscore the long-term benefits of adopting lean thinking in construction manufacturing. }, author_keywords={Lean thinking, construction manufacturing, benefits realization, productivity improvement, continuous improvement. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Drevland2022, author={Drevland, Frode }, editor={ }, title={Teaching University Students the Last Planner System Through Learning-by-Doing}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={902-912}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2017}, doi={10.24928/2022/0201}, affiliation={Associate Professor, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, +47 920 64 262, frode.drevland@ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0002-4596-1564 }, abstract={Using games and simulation have long been a staple in teaching lean construction. While such games work well for teaching narrow concepts and ideas, they struggle when it comes to teaching all of the complex interactions found in the Last Planner System (LPS). This paper describes the development and implementation of a new approach to teaching university students LPS.Rather than using games or simulations, the students were tasked with using LPS to plan and manage their work on the course assignments. The developed approach led to a superior understanding of LPS than what was previously seen in the course where it was implemented. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, last planner system, teaching }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Khalife2022, author={Khalife, Salam and Emadi, Seyyedbehrad and Wilner, Deon and Hamzeh, Farook }, editor={ }, title={Developing Project Value Attributes: A Proposed Process for Value Delivery on Construction Projects}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={913-924}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2018}, doi={10.24928/2022/0202}, affiliation={ Ph.D. Candidate, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, khalife@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-4547 ; Ph.D., Universitat Politècnica De Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, seyyed.behrad.emadi@upc.edu, orcid.org/0000-0003-3091-5108 ; Project Manager, IPD practitioner, ISL Engineering and Land Services Ltd., Edmonton, Canada, dwilner@islengineering.com, orcid.org/0000-0003-1881-809X ; Associate Professor, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, hamzeh@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-9534 }, abstract={Increasing efforts are being made by lean researchers and practitioners to improve value delivery in the built environment. However, the preliminary process to identify a substantiated list constituting the interests, desires, requirements, and design essentials of different stakeholders on projects is still vague and unorganized. Establishing the Value Attributes List (VAL) is considered fundamental for delivering value. Thus, to answer the question of how to develop the VAL, a set of guidelines and steps are provided. The process was constructed by performing action research and engaging two case studies depicting two Canadian public projects. This paper also provides a generic list of value attributes to be the starting point for the project team. The list included the major categories to be considered on projects. Findings suggested that developing a customized team-led list is particularly important and pursuing a clear direction on the subsequent steps for monitoring is required. The research concludes that an in-house advocate is needed to (1) promote the process and move it onward, and (2) to make sure the whole team and project stakeholders understand the importance of these value discussions. }, author_keywords={Design management, benefits realization, collaboration, value delivery, value creation. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Peralta2022, author={Peralta, Cristian and Mourgues, Claudio }, editor={ }, title={Understanding the Relations Between BIM Maturity Models and Lean Principles}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={925-936}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2019}, doi={10.24928/2022/0203}, affiliation={Researcher, Construction Engineering and Management Department, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, ciperalta@uc.cl ; Associate Professor, Construction Engineering and Management Department, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, cmourgue@ing.puc.cl, orcid.org/0000-0001-6706-2255 }, abstract={The increasing adoption of BIM is requiring organizations to assess their BIM maturity level. For this assessment, several authors have proposed BIM maturity models to assess capabilities of organizations or projects. However, although previous researches have demonstrated positive synergies between Lean philosophy and BIM, it is not clear the role that Lean principles currently have in the assessment of BIM maturity. This study aims at understanding the relation of 5 BIM maturity models with 16 Lean principles. The research shows that the principles related to flow process has the most interaction with the maturity components, where “Reduce Variability” is the principle with the highest number of interactions, followed by “Reduce cycle time” and “Design the production system for flow and value”. The results also showed that “Problem solving”, “Value generation process” and “Developing partners” are Lean principle clusters with low levels of interaction in the analyzed models. Future research should study the convenience of their incorporation in order to align BIM maturity improvement with Lean principles to enjoy the benefits of Lean and BIM synergies. }, author_keywords={The increasing adoption of BIM is requiring organizations to assess their BIM maturity level. For this assessment, several authors have proposed BIM maturity models to assess capabilities of organizations or projects. However, although previous researches have demonstrated positive synergies between Lean philosophy and BIM, it is not clear the role that Lean principles currently have in the assessment of BIM maturity. This study aims at understanding the relation of 5 BIM maturity models with 16 Lean principles. The research shows that the principles related to flow process has the most interaction with the maturity components, where “Reduce Variability” is the principle with the highest number of interactions, followed by “Reduce cycle time” and “Design the production system for flow and value”. The results also showed that “Problem solving”, “Value generation process” and “Developing partners” are Lean principle clusters with low levels of interaction in the analyzed models. Future research should study the convenience of their incorporation in order to align BIM maturity improvement with Lean principles to enjoy the benefits of Lean and BIM synergies. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Breistein2022, author={Breistein, Helene and Lædre, Ola }, editor={ }, title={Implementing VDC}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={937-948}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2020}, doi={10.24928/2022/0204}, affiliation={ MSc student, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, +47 988 01 476, helene.t.w.b@gmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0003-1835-5523 ; 2 Professor, dr.ing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, +47 911 89 938, ola.laedre@ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0003-4604-8299 }, abstract={Norwegian construction clients are demanding the use of VDC in their projects. Contractors have thus implemented VDC on construction projects. However, little research has been conducted regarding how projects should implement VDC. The study answers four research questions to provide a set of recommendations on how VDC should be implemented in projects: (1) How is VDC implemented in construction projects, (2) Which part of the implementation had positive effects on the implementation, (3) Which part of the implementation had negative effects on the implementation and (4) How should VDC be implemented in construction projects. Three general and five case-specific semi-structured interviews were conducted. The contribution of the study is a set of recommendations concerning how projects should implement VDC. The recommendations are based on seven key elements for implementation, ranked from most influential to least: Anchoring, Communication, Vision, Plans, Project Team, Training, and Engaging. }, author_keywords={Last Planner® System; Virtual Design and Construction (VDC); BIM; Lean Construction; Implementation }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Filion2022, author={Filion, Carolyne and Valdivieso, Fernando and Iordanova, Ivanka }, editor={ }, title={Integrated Scheduling Platform Based on BIM and Lean Construction}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={949-960}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2021}, doi={10.24928/2022/0205}, affiliation={ Innovation Director – R&D and Special Projects, Pomerleau Inc., 500 St-Jacques, Montréal, Canada, carolyne.filion@pomerleau.ca, orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-504X ; 2 Innovation Manager–APEX & Civil Operations, Pomerleau Inc., 500 St-Jacques, Montréal, Canada, fernando.valdivieso@pomerleau.ca , orcid.org/0000-0001-9741-8419 ; Professor, Département de Génie de la Construction, École de Technologie Supérieure (ETS), Montréal, Canada, ivanka.iordanova@etsmtl.ca , orcid.org/0000-0002-4596-2604 }, abstract={This paper presents an integrated scheduling platform (ISP) that was developed and implemented on a major health care construction project. This ISP incorporates both BIM and Lean Construction and provides a framework for developing the master schedule and the detailed schedule, as well as for monitoring the progress of on-site work. Although numerous studies present the advantages of integrating Lean Construction and BIM use, few on-site results have been quantified and published to date. This research therefore aims to identify and evaluate the impacts of using the ISP, as assessed by individuals who work on a construction site. The results obtained through interviews and questionnaires proved that using the ISP, was very positive for the project. Three major benefits were identified during the case study: planning was diligently updated, the information presented in the 3D models and in the visual schedules was always up to date and accurate, and all project stakeholders understood the schedule—which finally led to excellent project performance. }, author_keywords={Building Information Modeling, Construction Planning, Lean Construction, Visual Schedule, Takt Planning }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Shehab2022, author={Shehab, Lynn and Pourrahimian, Elyar and Salhab, Diana and Hamzeh, Farook }, editor={ }, title={LPS Performance Diagnosis Model Using Fuzzy Inference System}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={961-972}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2022}, doi={10.24928/2022/0206}, affiliation={ Ph.D. Student, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, lshehab@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-2708-3550 ; Ph.D. Student, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, elyar@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0003-0035-2324 ; Ph.D. Student, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, salhab@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-6193 ; Associate Professor, Hole School of Construction Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, hamzeh@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-9534 }, abstract={The Last Planner System (LPS) has long been used in construction projects to promote reliable planning and enhance productivity. However, despite various attempts to evaluate LPS implementation efforts, the human aspect of the evaluation attempts has not been given enough attention. This issue may be tackled through Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS) to capture more information regarding the gradual and intricate changes in scoring systems. Therefore, this paper aims to offer a standardized diagnosis model for LPS performance in construction projects. This model employs an FIS that analyzes the results of an LPS implementation for a more accurate investigation of the implementation. First, a thorough literature review is conducted to select the most prominent factors influencing the LPS implementation process, followed by expert panel questionnaire development and distribution among LPS experts to rank the selected factors. The obtained questionnaire results are then used to develop the FIS. The objective of this paper is hereby twofold: (1) to allow assessing expected LPS benefits through the qualitative assessment of the performance in the four LPS phases, and (2) to facilitate comparing past, current, and future performances throughout the organization's LPS implementation process to ensure continuous improvement. }, author_keywords={Last Planner® System, fuzzy logic, implementation evaluation, diagnosis model, design science research. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Gordon2022, author={Gordon, Elizabeth and Rawlinson, Keila and Dabhade, Neha and Reed, Dean }, editor={ }, title={Assessing Quality Performance Outcomes and the Relationship With Staffing: A General Contractor Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={973-983}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2023}, doi={10.24928/2022/0207}, affiliation={Quality Leader, DPR Construction, San Francisco, CA 94111, USA, ElizabethG@dpr.com, orcid.org/0000-0001-8165-0459 ; Operations Business Analyst, DPR Construction, Denver, CO 80112, USA, KeilaR@dpr.com, orcid.org/0000-0001-9718-5483 ; Project Engineer, vConstruct Private Limited, Pune, MH 411028, India, nehad@vconstruct.in, orcid.org/0000-0002-6453-6096 ; Owner and Consultant, Capability-Building, Santa Cruz, CA USA, Dean@deansreed.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-2916-8558 }, abstract={This paper describes a methodology for understanding how staffing projects may be assessed and considers how it may relate to project team performance when project teams implement a Systems Approach to Quality (SAQ). This paper expands on the 2021 paper “The Impact of Implementing a System Approach to Quality: A General Contractor Case Study” where the authors compared project performance outcomes and team cultural assessments for 11 projects that had implemented SAQ, the Intervention group, to a similar set of projects that had continued with a specification compliance -based approach to quality, the Control group. This study reflects organizational learning in a continuous improvement process and helps clarify distinguishing features of staffing for this General Contractor. The authors findings suggest that applying SAQ can help sustain a project team through the phases of ever-changing project life cycles and contribute to more reliable outcomes when staff is engaged earlier in the project and supported with Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) and outside project management resources. }, author_keywords={Organizational change, quality, data, staffing, impact }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Narum2022, author={Narum, Kristoffer Brattegard and Engebø, Atle and Lædre, Ola and Torp, Olav }, editor={ }, title={Collaborative Project Delivery With Early Contractor Involvement and Target Cost}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={984-995}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2024}, doi={10.24928/2022/0208}, affiliation={MSc Student, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, kristobn@stud.ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0001-9673-6255 ; Researcher, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, atle.engebo@ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0002-5293-0176 ; Professor, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, ola.ladre@ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0003-4604-8299 ; Associate Professor, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway, olav.torp@ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0002-1916-5097 }, abstract={Lean and collaborative project delivery aim to increase productivity and create value in construction projects. Early contractor involvement and target costing are key elements in collaborative delivery. This study explores how early contractor involvement and target cost has been implemented, and the effects of these elements, in the collaborative delivery of a building in Norway. After two months of daily observations and a literature study, further data was collected from the main stakeholders through a document study and sixteen semi-structured interviews. Establishing a reasonable scope, allowable cost and procurement strategy in the front-end was identified as important. Early contractor involvement was determined to have improved constructability, commitment, cost estimation, and team building during the design phase. A balanced, equitable and clear risk distribution in the target cost, and continuous involvement of the client and senior management, was identified as important for collaboration in the execution phase. External factors beyond the control of the project group were found to have been impactful throughout the project. The study calls for more research on the impact of external factors, and the involvement of architects, consultants and subcontractors, in Lean and collaborative project delivery. }, author_keywords={Target cost, Open book, Collaboration, Commitment, Early contractor involvement }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Mossman2022, author={Mossman, Alan and Ramalingam, Shobha }, editor={ }, title={Capacity Building: Learning From Corporate Successes Outside Construction}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={996-1007}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2025}, doi={10.24928/2022/0209}, affiliation={The Change Business; +44 7968 485627, alanmossman@mac.com, orcid.org/0000-0003-1769-9164 ; Associate Prof, National Institute of Construction Management and Research (NICMAR), Pune, India, sramalingam@nicmar.ac.in, orcid.org/0000-0003-4026-5866 }, abstract={Industrialization is a response to low productivity and shortage of skilled labour. Advancement in technology is associated with the growing trend. Thus, industrialisation requires upskilling the whole workforce – literacy, numeracy, technical and trade skills. This crisis is exacerbated by the casualization of construction labor over the last ~60 years which means construction companies do not see it as in their interest to upskill those they do not employ. Even though “with every pair of hands comes a free brain” (Henry Ford), the construction sector seems to find it acceptable to do little or nothing to use and develop those brains, to tap into this unused talent. Motivated by these insights, we ask, what can we learn from corporate success outside construction that might help improve industrialised project delivery in construction? This qualitative exploratory analysis of successful major transformations in other sectors uses selective literature review, categorical aggregation of case studies and inductive reasoning. The findings underscore the importance of leaders with ‘constancy of purpose’ driving system change in order to build the capacity and competence of workers. In construction this may mean decasualising labour which will require the creation of pipelines of work to ensure a steady workload. The paper concludes with suggestions for further research and validation in the field. }, author_keywords={Organization, Culture, Industrialisation, Collaboration, Capacity building. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Tuesta2022, author={Tuesta, Rodrigo and Vicuña, Mark and Savio, Alexandre Almeida Del and Palpan, Alejandro and Valle, Erika and Quiroz, Felipe }, editor={ }, title={Prefabricated Reinforcement in Construction Using Vdc: Case Study Ovalo Monitor Bridge}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1008-1019}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2026}, doi={10.24928/2022/0210}, affiliation={Student, Civil Engineering Department, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru, 20171572@aloe.ulima.edu.pe, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-907X ; Student, Civil Engineering Department, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru, 20162640@aloe.ulima.edu.pe, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-8754 ; Full Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru, delsavio@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6067-6606 ; Project Coordinator, TSC Innovation, Lima, Peru, apalpan@tscinnovation.com ; Project Coordinator, TSC Innovation, Lima, Peru, evalle@tscinnovation.com ; General Manager, TSC Innovation, Lima, Peru, fquiroz@tscinnovation.com }, abstract={In construction projects, there may be rework and delays associated with construction processes with a low level of industrialization, resulting from the lack of constructability of the designs. To promote industrialization and improve the project's constructability, we implemented the Virtual Design & Construction (VDC) methodology, combined with a system of prefabricated reinforcement cages (PRC) elements in constructing an 870- meter span bridge located in Lima, Peru. The objective was to reduce structural rebars' assembly times, replace the traditional on-site processes of cutting, bending, and assembling steel with an industrial process based on systems of PRC steel elements. As a result, the assembly times of the structural item were reduced by 31%, thanks to the use of PRC elements. In addition, due to the VDC methodology, a 100% buildable design of the PRC elements was achieved. }, author_keywords={VDC, BIM, bridges, industrialized construction, prefabricated reinforcement. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Castaneda2022, author={Castaneda, Jennifer Alejandra Cardenas and Mudireddy, Vedasree and Martinez, Pablo and Ahmad, Rafiq }, editor={ }, title={Addressing Waste During the Design Phase: A Matrix Model for the Interactions Between Robotic Systems and Lean Principles}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1020-1029}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2027}, doi={10.24928/2022/0211}, affiliation={Researcher Graduate Student, Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Design and Automation, University of Alberta, Edmonton Canada, jacarden@ualberta.ca ; Researcher Graduate Student, Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Design and Automation, University of Alberta, Edmonton Canada, mudiredd@ualberta.ca ; Senior Lecturer, Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom, pablo.rodriguez@northumbria.ac.uk, orcid.org/0000-0003- 3397-9617 ; Associate Professor, Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Design and Automation, University of Alberta, Edmonton Canada, rafiq.ahmad@ualberta.ca }, abstract={This paper aims to provide a visual model with design parameters that are specific to manufacturing to reduce waste in the design stage of a construction project. More construction companies are interested in reducing waste and increasing efficiency. However, one of the main barriers that prevent the construction industry from adopting more technological solutions for its projects is not being clear about the direct benefits that would be obtained. This paper proposes using design parameters applied in a userfriendly visual model to choose the benefit to obtain for designing a construction project. These benefits are displayed as key performance indicator (KPI) options for the construction project. An analysis was carried out in a matrix to obtain the most relevant design parameters for a robotic cell in offsite construction from a manufacturing (not architectural or visual/aesthetic) point of view. Additionally, the visual model is designed using a data visualization structure. The limit of the investigation involves not having the visual tool validated in a case of a real construction company. Additionally, the visual tool is only a guide that is not quantified. }, author_keywords={Key Performance Indicator, Design parameters, Construction industry, Lean, Industry 4.0 }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Schöttle2022, author={Schöttle, Annett and Arroyo, Paz and Christensen, Randi }, editor={ }, title={How to Choose the Best Media to Implement the Choosing by Advantages (CBA) Tabular Method}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1030-1039}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2028}, doi={10.24928/2022/0212}, affiliation={ Partner & Head of refine cell Munich, Refine Project AG, annett.schoettle@refine.team, and Founder and Co-Director, CollabDecisions, orcid.org/0000-0001-6001-7320 ; Quality Leader DPR Construction, San Francisco, paza@dpr.com, and Founder and CoDirector, CollabDecisions, orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-8172 ; Sustainability Director, COWI, rmch@cowi.com, and Founder and Co-Director, CollabDecisions, www.collabdecisions.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-7057 }, abstract={Choosing by Advantages (CBA) applications in the construction industry have been growing over time and teams need to decide which tools they will use to facilitate and document a CBA decision. This paper aims to determine which criteria should be considered when deciding on the tool/media to apply the CBA Tabular method? Researchers analyzed four different tools: (1) analog, (2) spreadsheet, (3) digital whiteboard, and (4) CBA decision-making software. These four tools were selected based on direct experience of the authors on four case studies. Researchers also conducted a survey to expand experiences, collect information on alternatives, and identify factors and define criteria to help users to select the tool. The conclusion is that there is no-one-size fits-all solution, and the authors therefore encourage teams to choose the best tool that suits their context. This paper aims to help teams be aware of multiple alternatives and of the consequences that come with each tool. }, author_keywords={Analog, choosing by advantages, collaboration, digital tools, decision-making }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Asl2022, author={Asl, Negar Mansouri and Najafizadeh, Nazanin and Fakhrzarei, Mahboobeh and Hammad, Ahmed and Hamzeh, Farook }, editor={ }, title={Framework for Using LPS in Design on IPD Projects}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1040-1051}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2029}, doi={10.24928/2022/0213}, affiliation={PhD candidate, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, nmansour@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0003-2402-4341 ; MSc student, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, nnajafiz@ualberta.ca ; MSc student, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, fakhrzar@ualberta.ca ; Associate Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, ahammad@ualberta.ca ; Associate Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, hamzeh@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-9534 }, abstract={Design in nature is an iterative and interdependent process. Previous research shows that in some projects, 50% of this process contains waste. The Last Planner System (LPS) proved its efficiency in planning and controlling the execution phase. However, due to the nature of the design process, implementing LPS at this stage contains many constraints. Results show that the Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) and LPS together can significantly improve design workflow, still some issues remain that do not let the IPD project achieve the full potential of LPS in managing a design process. In this research the main constraints are studied and divided into five categories. Recently, many researchers studied the benefits of implementing LPS and how to optimize this method, especially in the execution phase, but there is no integrated framework that contains the available tools and techniques for overcoming constraints in using LPS at the design process. This study indicatesthat multiple strategies need to be adopted for increasing the applicability of LPS at the design process of a construction project. This paper proposes an integrated framework for addressing design constraints and optimizing the applicability of LPS in the design process on IPD projects. }, author_keywords={Last Planner System, Integrated Project Delivery, design process, workflow, lean design }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Alves2022, author={Alves, Thais da C. L. }, editor={ }, title={The Silo Game: A Simulation on Interdisciplinary Collaboration}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1052-1063}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2030}, doi={10.24928/2022/0214}, affiliation={ Associate Professor, AGC – Paul S. Roel Chair in Construction Engineering and Management. Civ., Const. & Env. Eng. Dept., San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA, +1 619 594-8289, talves@sdsu.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-3070-7109 }, abstract={Collaboration is a highly valued skill in construction, and it has become essential considering the advent of more collaborative delivery methods (e.g., design-build, integrated project delivery). This paper introduces the Silo Game which is a teaching simulation developed to mimic the trade-offs made during the design process to meet client's requirements while also meeting project goals. This simulation mimics the development of an environmentally conscious building using two phases: one illustrating disciplines isolated in teams mimicking silos and another with multi-disciplinary teams. The facilitator assumes the role of an owner and participants are assigned one of the four roles defined for the game: architect, civil engineer, mechanical engineer, and electrical engineer to meet the project's conditions of satisfaction defined early in the game. Initially, the professionals are grouped by role and later assigned to multi-disciplinary teams. The game has been played with three undergraduate classes and also with the Administering and Playing Lean Simulations Online (APLSO) community and the instructions are easy to relay. The lessons learned can be directly translated to construction settings sparking discussions about various Lean tenets and systems including integrated project delivery contracts, target value design, collaboration, and conditions of satisfaction. }, author_keywords={Collaboration, sustainability, design, conditions of satisfaction, serious games, simulation }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Dazmiri2022, author={Dazmiri, Danial Gholinezhad and Aliasgari, Ramin and Hamzeh, Farook }, editor={ }, title={Evaluating Blockchain in Construction Supply Chain Management}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1064-1074}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2031}, doi={10.24928/2022/0215}, affiliation={MSc student, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, gholinez@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0003-1196-7340 ; MSc student, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, aliasgar@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-0172-9966 ; 3 Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, hamzeh@ualberta.ca, orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-9534 }, abstract={The supply chain in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction industry is often perceived as inefficient due to a lack of data and traceability links. This study investigates the practitioners’ understanding and acceptance of blockchain to address this inefficiency. A survey is conducted to glean expert opinions concerning implementing blockchain technology in the Construction Supply Chain Management (CSCM) domain. The research hypothesizes that professionals are open to blockchain technology adoption and that this adoption positively impacts four variables that represent the primary factors that can be implemented using blockchain technology. The One-Sample Test of Means is then used to evaluate the four identified variables against the hypotheses. Survey findings reveal that CSCM experts are knowledgeable about innovative technologies such as blockchain and believe that all characteristics of blockchain should be considered during implementation. Findings also show that most experts acknowledge that their current CSCM systems disregard blockchain entirely. }, author_keywords={Blockchain, Supply chain, Smart contract, Lean construction, Trust }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Tsao2022, author={Tsao, Cynthia C.Y. and Howell, Gregory A. }, editor={ }, title={Development of Simulations & Pull Planning for Lean Construction Learning and Implementation}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1075-1086}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2032}, doi={10.24928/2022/0216}, affiliation={Owner, Navilean, LLC; Founder, Building AEC Learning, Inc. (BAECL); Brookline, MA, 02445, USA, Phone +1 510/593-4884, cynthia@navilean.com ; 2 Retired, Lean Construction Institute; Greg developed this paper with Cynthia starting in 2014. He passed away on June 15, 2020. }, abstract={To manage projects based on Lean principles including global optimization, transparency, reliability, and flow, Lean learners need to learn an alternative approach that includes different language and techniques that better support production system management. By helping us model what happens in the real world while focusing on a few key concepts, simulations help Lean learners focus on how they would diagnose problems and determine how to deliver the project better. While Lean learners may think they are learning something during simulations, instructors are really getting them to reflect on how things happen and why. In essence, simulations help with “learning to see” waste and other problems on projects (Rother and Shook 1999) so Lean learners can develop strategies for waste removal and problem solving to generate value better. How did the Lean Construction community adopt this training approach for Lean learners? This paper explores the Lean Construction community’s use of simulations (particularly the Airplane Game and Parade of Trades® ) and creation of the Pull Planning technique. This reflection provides a foundation for instructors to share training practices and collaboratively refine their teaching approaches to accelerate the rate of Lean learning and implementation. }, author_keywords={Simulations, Pull Planning, facilitation, action learning/research, learning }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Paucar-Espinoza2022, author={Paucar-Espinoza, Anthony F. and Erazo-Rondinel, Andrews A. and Arroyo, Paz and Salazar, Luis A. }, editor={ }, title={Reducing Bias in the Hiring Process Through Choosing by Advantages: A Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1087-1098}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2033}, doi={10.24928/2022/0217}, affiliation={Researcher, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Peru, apaucare@uni.pe, orcid.org/0000-0002-5369-1584 ; Teaching Assistant, Professional School of Civil Engineering, Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Peru, aerazo@continental.edu.pe, orcid.org/0000-0002-5639-573X ; Quality Leader, DPR Construction, San Francisco, CA 94111, USA, paza@dpr.com, orcid.org/0000- 0002-8098-8172 ; Academic, Departamento de Obras Civiles, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile, luis.salazarf@usm.cl, orcid.org/0000-0001-7339-8935 }, abstract={Construction projects rely on the people in the project team; people are selected to perform their role satisfactorily in the project and contribute to its success. However, the selection in the hiring process has different biases that are often not perceived by those who decide to hire people. This research aims to present a study applying the Choosing By Advantages (CBA) Tabular method for the hiring process of a new team member, aligning the structure of the selection process with the five phases of the CBA system. The selection process is divided into two parts to reduce bias in decision-making: the first preliminary part uses information associated with objective data from the applicants' CVs without knowing their identities. The second part complements information knowing their identities obtained from personal interviews. In this research, we use a practical approach called the SEEDS Model®, represented in five categories of biases present in everyday thinking (similarity, expedience, experience, distance, and safety). Furthermore, the results demonstrate that CBA and SEEDS Model® help reduce bias in the selection process and choose people for their attributes representing their capacities, avoiding bias in the selection. }, author_keywords={Choosing By Advantages, multi-criteria decision analysis, CBA Tabular Method, SEEDS Model®, hiring process, bias. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Niranjan2022, author={Niranjan, Christopher and Knotten, Vegard and Lædre, Ola }, editor={ }, title={Digitalizing Collaborative Planning in Design – a Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1099-1110}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2034}, doi={10.24928/2022/0218}, affiliation={MSc student, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology – Trondheim, Norway, chrisniranjan@gmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0003-0560-6610 ; Associate Professor/ Design Manager, Norwegian University of Science and Technology/ Veidekke Entreprenør AS - Trondheim, Norway, vegard.knotten@ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0002-5884-4041 ; Professor, dr. ing., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology – Trondheim, Norway, ola.ladre@ntnu.no, orcid.org/0000-0003-4604-8299 }, abstract={Collaborative Planning in Design (CPD) has been used in Norway by the contractor Veidekke since 2009. One of the main principles, collaboration, has previously taken place through co-location of the various actors that take part in the design phase. The COVID-19 pandemic placed restrictions such as social distancing, which led to the digitalization of certain elements in CPD. This paper, based on a construction case in Norway, looks at the effects of the digitalization of CPD. This is done using three research questions: How is digitalized CPD achieved, what strengths and weaknesses arise when CPD is digitalized, and how can the digitalization of CPD improve? The research was done through a literature study and qualitative interviews of eight design participants from the research case. Findings show that the digital start-up session should not be used further, as it has negative ripple effects later in design in the form of less collaboration. Fully digital ICE sessions are effective and worth continuing in the future but are dependent on what type of work is scheduled. Phase scheduling should try to use physical post-it notes during a physical meeting, and later convert the schedule to a digital format. }, author_keywords={Design Management, Last Planner® System (LPS), collaboration, phase scheduling, digital }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Amaral2022, author={Amaral, Tatiana Gondim do and Braga, Pedro Dantas Bezerra and Vieira, Sara Vieira and Neto, José de Paula Barros }, editor={ }, title={Relations Between Preconditions, Categories and Impacts of Making-Do Wastes}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1111-1122}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2035}, doi={10.24928/2022/0219}, affiliation={Associate Professor, Environmental and Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil, tatianagondim@ufg.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-9746-4025 ; Civil engineer, Environmental and Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, pedro_braga@icloud.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-2476-8626 ; Full Professor, Structural and Civil Construction Department, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil, barrosneto@gercon.ufc.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-5131-4593 ; Full Professor, Structural and Civil Construction Department, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil, barrosneto@gercon.ufc.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-5131-4593 }, abstract={Civil construction is known for its high production of waste and low productivity. Understanding the causes of making-do waste makes it possible to minimize waste in construction processes. This study aims to analyze possible causes and consequences among possible relations between prerequisites, categories and impacts of making-do waste in order to act more effectively in combating waste reducing the main problems identified that cause their occurrence. Some existing prerequisites can be determined: information, materials and components, and labor, are highly likely to occur. Concerning the categories, the following can be highlighted: component adjustment, sequencing, and storage. These combinations generally affect the seven impacts caused by making-do waste. The main contribution of this study was to analyze the possible causes and consequences of the relationship between prerequisites, categories and impacts of making-do waste. Using the dashboard developed in the Power BI platform, relations between the chosen parameters could be determined, and how prerequisites, categories and impacts interacted with other variables in the database }, author_keywords={Making-do. Improvisation. Waste. Rework. Business intelligence }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Golestanirad2022, author={Golestanirad, Pooria and Rybkowski, Zofia K. and Dixit, Manish and Luhan, Gregory A. }, editor={ }, title={Building Interdisciplinary Teams Through Student Design Competitions: A Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1123-1133}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2036}, doi={10.24928/2022/0222}, affiliation={ Graduate Student, Dept. of Construction Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6871-2608 ; Associate Professor, Dept. of Construction Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, o: 979-845-4354, zrybkowski@arch.tamu.edu, orcid.org/ 0000-0002-0683-5004 ; Associate Professor, Dept. of Construction Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, orcid.org/ 0000-0001-8622-8388 ; Professor, Dept. of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, orcid.org/ 0000- 0002-1568-3866 }, abstract={The owner, architecture, engineering, and construction (OAEC) industries have grown increasingly complex, necessitating improvements to both design and construction procedures—requiring increased collaboration among all lean stakeholders. However, universities are often criticized for not developing essential, generic skills in their graduates, especially the ability to work collaboratively in teams. Attempting to better prepare students, academic institutions are creating vehicles to help their students acquire effective teamwork skills. Competitions, for example, have spread to almost every discipline, including the OAEC-related ones, since they have much to offer students of the built environment. The researchers assessed the participants’ experience of an interdisciplinary design competition to determine if such competitions are an effective means to impart teamwork skills to future collaborative stakeholders of the built environment. Additionally, this research aimed to identify areas where educators should prioritize their efforts to better prepare students for enhanced teamwork performance. In addition to highlighting that teams should be appropriately composed of members with critical, needed skill sets, results from a post-event survey of the case study competition also suggest there is a need to teach students how to develop clear and shared goals, develop clear and understandable roles, and communicate more effectively when working in teams. }, author_keywords={Teamwork, collaboration, OAEC / AECO, interdisciplinary competition, Lean Integrated Product Delivery / Lean IPD }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Mulholland2022, author={Mulholland, Sean M. and Banasiak, Meredith and Clevenger, Caroline M. and Staton, Jamie and Brown, Qadry }, editor={ }, title={Establishing Design Metrics to Inform Design Change, Increase Project Team Communication, and Reduce Waste: A Healthcare Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1134-1143}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2037}, doi={10.24928/2022/0223}, affiliation={Assistant Professor, Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, United States Air Force Academy, USA, sean.mulholland@afacademy.af.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-6830 ; Director of Research, Boulder Associates Architects, Boulder, USA, mbanasiak@boulderassociates.com, orcid.org/0000-0001-8483-419X ; Professor, Civil Engineering, Assistant Director, Construction Engineering and Management, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, USA, caroline.clevenger@ucdenver.edu, orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-8447 ; Project Executive, GE Johnson Construction Company, Colorado Springs, USA, statonj@gejohnson.com ; Cadet, US Air Force Academy, USA, C22Qadry.Brown@afacademy.af.edu }, abstract={This study aims to evaluate via a case study the process in establishing post-construction performance goals and their perceived impact to a design and construction project team’s culture. Performance goals were established from an iterative quantitative approach, while the impact to the design and construction team were evaluated by a qualitative method. Preliminary results appear to indicate a likely positive impact to a project team’s culture, level of effort, and trust. Specifically, results may indicate a net positive impact from unambiguous post-construction performance goals to a project team’s perception of its communication and overall project environment, reduction in traditional sources of process waste, and a positive impact to elements associated with cost, schedule, and quality. }, author_keywords={Collaboration, Case study, Integration, Value, Integrated Project Delivery }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Verán-Leigh2022, author={Verán-Leigh, Daniel and Murguia, Danny and Brioso, Xavier and Calmet, Matias }, editor={ }, title={Evaluation of Construction Performance With the Use of LPS and Precast Slabs in Residential Buildings}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1144-1154}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2038}, doi={10.24928/2022/0224}, affiliation={ Senior Construction Manager, VyV Bravo Construction Group. Construction Management & Technology Research Group (GETEC) and PELCAN Research Group, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, daniel.veran@pucp.pe, orcid.org/0000-0002-6174-2054 ; Assistant Professor, Construction Management & Technology Research Group (GETEC), Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, dmurguia@pucp.pe, orcid.org/0000-0003-1009-4058 ; Professor, Construction Management & Technology Research Group (GETEC), Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, xbrioso@pucp.edu.pe, orcid.org/0000-0002-0174-0241 ; Research Assistant, Construction Management & Technology Research Group (GETEC), Pontifical Catholic University of Peru Lima, Peru, matias.calmet@pucp.pe }, abstract={The implementation of the Last Planner System (LPS) and off-site construction has been identified as means to improve production management and, thus, increased productivity and project performance. Nevertheless, the sector lacks an evaluation system that allows clients, designers, and contractors to identify areas for continuous improvement and encourage further adoption of the LPS and off-site manufacturing. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze performance during the construction of the reinforced concrete structural frame of two similar high-rise residential projects in Lima-Peru. Both projects used the LPS. However, the first case used traditional on-site poured slabs, and the second used a mix of precast slabs and additional on-site pouring. Data was collected during the construction process and included labor data, production data, schedules, site visits, and observations. Data were analyzed to obtain cycle times, production and productivity rates, and labor density. The results show that the building using precast slabs performed 14% better in terms of time and 16% in terms of productivity compared to the traditional slab. Further research can measure performance and productivity by implementing other precast components such as shear walls, beams, and columns. }, author_keywords={Last Planner System, Off-site construction, performance measurement, productivity, Lean Construction. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Mulholland2022, author={Mulholland, Sean M. and Clevenger, Caroline M. }, editor={ }, title={Quantifying Participation: An IPD Case Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1155-1164}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2039}, doi={10.24928/2022/0225}, affiliation={Assistant Professor, Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, United States Air Force Academy, USA, sean.mulholland@afacademy.af.edu, orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-6830 ; Professor, Civil Engineering, Assistant Director, Construction Engineering and Management, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, USA, caroline.clevenger@ucdenver.edu, orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-8447 }, abstract={As the construction industry moves to greater project collaboration, greater participation and involvement by project team members is necessary for project success. Quantifying participation by project participants can present challenges though. The COVID-19 epidemic presented an opportunity to quantify participation due to the government mandated limitations of in-person meetings and the subsequent transition to videoconferencing. This paper presents a method via a case study utilizing videoconferencing to quantify project member participation. Findings indicate that utilizing videoconferencing is a possible method to measure project member participation but may not evaluate characteristics of the participation. }, author_keywords={As the construction industry moves to greater project collaboration, greater participation and involvement by project team members is necessary for project success. Quantifying participation by project participants can present challenges though. The COVID-19 epidemic presented an opportunity to quantify participation due to the government mandated limitations of in-person meetings and the subsequent transition to videoconferencing. This paper presents a method via a case study utilizing videoconferencing to quantify project member participation. Findings indicate that utilizing videoconferencing is a possible method to measure project member participation but may not evaluate characteristics of the participation. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Mehran2022, author={Mehran, Donya and Poirier, Erik Andrew and Forgues, Daniel }, editor={ }, title={Impact of Fragmentation on Value Generation-Towards a BIM-Enabled Lean Framework }, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1165-1176}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2040}, doi={10.24928/2022/0229}, affiliation={PhD Student, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), Montréal, Canada, donya.mehran.1@ens.etsmtl.ca ; Professor, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), Montréal, Canada, erik.Poirier@etsmtl.ca ; Professor, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), Montréal, Canada, daniel.forgues@etsmtl.ca }, abstract={Fragmentation in the construction sector has been identified as a main concern by several scholars over the years as it creates silos not only between the actors and stages across an asset's lifecycle but also across a portfolio of projects. Among other things, fragmentation has a negative impact on the flow of information between participating organizations, thereby affecting value generation. Despite the rising digitization of this sector, these challenges remain and even compound issues such as the effective management of information throughout the built asset's lifecycle. Research and development pertaining to the management of information and generation of value has mainly focused on separate phases of assets or the delivery stage. However, a gap in knowledge and theory for information management and requirements management throughout the use phase of the asset's lifecycle still remains. This paper highlights the consequences of fragmentation from an information management perspective and its impact on value generation across an asset's lifecycle. }, author_keywords={Lean construction, value stream, benefits realization, BIM, Fragmentation. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Majumdar2022, author={Majumdar, Tulika and Rasmussen, Steinar G. and Savio, Alexandre Almeida Del and Johannesdottír, Katrin and Hjelseth, Eilif and Fischer, Martin A. }, editor={ }, title={VDC in Practice: A Preliminary Categorization of Production Metrics Reported in Scandinavia and Latin America}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1177-1185}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2041}, doi={10.24928/2022/0230}, affiliation={Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, USA, tulika@stanford.edu ; Hæhre Entreprenør, steinar.rasmussen@akh.no ; Professor, Civil Engineering Department, University of Lima, aalmeida@ulima.edu.pe ; Trimble Solutions Sandvika AS, katrin_johannesdottir@trimble.com ; Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway, eilif.hjelseth@ntnu.no ; Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, USA, fischer@stanford.edu }, abstract={Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) teams are increasingly using emerging management methods involving collaboration, lean construction, and digitization for managing projects. Production metrics (PM) are being used to assess the impact of these methods on project performance during run-time. A lack of common vocabulary hinders comparison of PM, making it difficult to repeat strategies used for improving project performance and for benchmarking PM across projects. Through a detailed content analysis, 2 datasets of 904 PM reported by 195 Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) practitioners in Scandinavia and Latin America were curated. Qualitative coding was used to categorize the PM into the three key VDC elements, i.e., Integrated Concurrent Engineering (ICE), Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Project Production Management (PPM) and to validate the categorization. This research enabled a comparison of PM categories across the two regions for the first time. PM categorized as ICE and PPM were reported by more than 68% professionals in both the regions. BIM PM had a disparity in reporting (Scandinavia: 30%, Latin America: 91%). It also opened a pathway to develop a common vocabulary of PM to compare, benchmark and standardize PM across VDC implementations. }, author_keywords={Production metrics, continuous improvement, concurrent, standardization, process }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Formoso2022, author={Formoso, Carlos T. and Flores, Patrícia and Barth, Karina B. and Suarez, Martin and Magalhães, Ivo and Ksiazenicki, Verónica and Acquarone, Álvaro }, editor={ }, title={Developing a Flow-Based Planning and Control Approach for Linear Infrastructure Projects}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1186-1197}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2042}, doi={10.24928/2022/0236}, affiliation={ Professor, Building Innovation Research Unit (NORIE), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil, formoso@ufrgs.br, orcid.org/0000-0002-4772-3746 ; Assistant Professor, Facultad de Arquitectura, Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay, pflores@farq.edu.uy ; Managing Director, LD Consulting, Brazil, karina@ldconsulting.com.br, orcid.org/0000-0001-9612- 6246 ; Site Superintendent, Stiler Engineering, masuarez@stilerpm.com.uy ; Project Manager, Stiler Engineering, idemagalhaes@stilerpm.com.uy ; Innovation and Continuous Improvement Manager, Stiler Engineering, vksiazenicki@stilerpm.com.uy ; Site Superintendent, Stiler Engineering, aacquarone@stilerpm.com.uy }, abstract={The Last Planner System (LPS) and Location Based Planning and Control (LBPC) have been successfully used in many projects, either separately or together. Despite previous studies that have discussed the role of each of them, the complementarity between LPS and LBPC still needs to be further explained by using core Lean Production concepts. Moreover, most implementations reported in the literature of those two planning models have been concerned with building projects. Only a few cases are related to infrastructure projects, which have different types of complexity in relation to conventional building projects. This paper reports the initial results of the development of a planning and control model for linear infrastructure projects. This investigation was based on a case study carried out in a construction company from Uruguay. The development of the model considers some specific complexity features of linear infrastructure projects, such as high uncertainty, and independent linear processes spread around large urban or rural areas. The main insights provided by this study are concerned with devising a flow-based planning and control tool for look-ahead planning, the definition of criteria for devising location-based systems, the emphasis of work-inprogress control, and the use of visual management. }, author_keywords={Flow, production planning and control, linear projects, Last Planner, Location-based management, visual management. }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, } @CONFERENCE{Abou-Ibrahim2022, author={Abou-Ibrahim, Hisham and Lappalainen, Eelon and Seppänen, Olli }, editor={ }, title={Digital Twin of a Design Process: An Exploratory Study}, journal={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, booktitle={Proc. 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC)}, year={2022}, pages={1198-1209}, url={http://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2043}, doi={10.24928/2022/0238}, affiliation={Postdoctoral Researcher, Building Design and Construction, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland. hisham.abouibrahim@aalto.fi. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4261-9322 ; PhD Student, Building Design and Construction, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland. eelon.lappalainen@aalto.fi. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7573-344X ; Associate Professor, Building Design and Construction, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Finland. olli.seppanen@aalto.fi. orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-5924 }, abstract={Digital twinning is a new approach to enhance the management of design, planning and construction operations. A construction digital twin aims to enhance the reality capture of ongoing operations using sensing technologies and AI functions to enable proactive process management. While a digital twin is clearly defined in the context of construction operations, where a digital replica is generated out of a physical site; a design digital twin lacks a clear framing as both twins are digital. This paper explores an approach to creating a design digital twin using agent-based simulation to mimic real BIM-based design projects. Accordingly, a digital replica is generated as an agent-based model. In addition, several KPIs are introduced to capture data related to BIM model dynamics. The results show that the suggested KPIs can increase the transparency of the design process, capture development dynamics at the level of BIM model elements, increase situational awareness among designers related to model development status, and identify higher clashing risk zones. }, author_keywords={Lean Construction, Visual Management, Process, Design Digital Twin }, address={Edmonton, Canada }, issn={2309-0979 }, publisher={ }, language={English}, document_type={Conference Paper}, source={IGLC}, }