@inproceedings{Alsakka2023_2067,
  author = {Alsakka, Fatima and Yu, Haitao and Hamzeh, Farook and Al-Hussein, Mohamed},
  title = {Factors Influencing Cycle Times in Offsite Construction},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC31)},
  year = {2023},
  pages = {723--734},
  address = {Lille, France},
  issn = {2789-0015},
  doi = {10.24928/2023/0123},
  url = {https://www.iglc.net/papers/details/2067},
  abstract = {In offsite construction, various factors contribute to variability in cycle times at workstations in production facilities, leading to imbalanced production lines. Understanding these factors is vital for implementing Heijunka, a fundamental lean principle that consists of levelling out the work schedule. This study presents a qualitative approach for identifying and understanding factors that influence variable cycle times at the workstation level. The application of the approach is demonstrated in reference to a semi-automated framing workstation in a panelised construction facility. A list of 36 potential influencing factors categorised into eight classes is first compiled based on observation of the process, a cross-functional diagram, and a review of relevant studies, and then discussed based on feedback solicited from personnel at the case framing station through a semi-structured interview. The approach, its application, and the results demonstrate the effect of expending effort on the identification and understanding of cycle time-influencing factors in improving the accuracy of cycle time analysis, thereby facilitating the implementation of Heijunka.},
  keywords = {Offsite construction, lean construction, cycle time, influencing factors, Heijunka.},
}