34th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC 34) - Singapore, Singapore - 2026

https://doi.org/10.24928/2026/0303

The pulse of production: correlating PPC and team health

Anthony Muñoz1 & John Cleary2

1DPR Construction, San Diego, CA, USA. [email protected]
2DPR Construction, Newport Beach, CA, USA. [email protected]

Abstract

Within the Last Planner® System (LPS), Percent Plan Complete (PPC) is widely used as a quantitative measure of planning reliability; however, its relationship to qualitative factors of team culture remains underexplored. This paper examines survey data from a Southern California Integrated Project Delivery healthcare project that used the Team Health Assessment (THA) to investigate relationships between PPC and several qualitative indicators, including trust, participation, and commitment, as well as several operational and project controls measures. Using Pearson correlation analysis within an action research framework, the findings reveal a strong positive relationship between PPC and trust (r = 0.75), as well as moderate positive relationships with participation and commitment. Conversely, PPC was moderately negatively correlated with time management, visual management, and quality measures, suggesting a potential production–pressure pattern in traditional project controls measures that warrants further investigation. These findings suggest that PPC functions not only as a measure of planning reliability, but also as a reflection of underlying team culture. The complementary use of PPC and the THA offers a more holistic lens for diagnosing and sustaining production system health, allowing PPC to function not only as a measure of planning reliability but also as a pulse check on the condition of the production system.

Keywords

Action research, benefits realization, Last Planner® System, reliable promising, trust.

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Reference in APA 7th edition format:

Muñoz, A. & Cleary, J.. (2026). The pulse of production: correlating PPC and team health. In Hamzeh, F., Poshdar, M., & Garcia-Lopez,, N. P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC 34) (pp. 1323–1333). https://doi.org/10.24928/2026/0303

Shortened reference for use in IGLC papers:

Muñoz, A. & Cleary, J.. (2026). The pulse of production: correlating PPC and team health. IGLC34. https://doi.org/10.24928/2026/0303

 

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